Optimal verification strategies in multi‐firm projects

Optimal verification strategies in multi‐firm projects
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多公司项目中的最佳验证策略

DOI:
10.1002/sys.21615
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Wernz, Christian
Wernz, Christian
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kulkarni, Aditya U.;Salado, Alejandro;Wernz, Christian

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验证活动旨在通过在部署系统之前识别设计错误来降低系统开发成本。然而,多公司项目中的分包商更愿意实施本地具有成本效益的验证策略,而不是有利于主承包商的验证策略。激励核查活动是承包者可借以激励分包者执行承包者所希望的核查战略的一种机制。以前在系统工程中验证的数学模型方面的工作既没有探索最佳验证策略,也没有探索多公司项目中的激励措施。在本文中,我们提出了一个建模概念,用于确定多公司项目中的最佳验证策略。我们的模型是基于信念的,这意味着承包商和分包商通过对可能状态的概率评估来整合他们有时对真实验证状态的有限知识。我们开发了一个初始的两级模型,其中一个承包商直接与下一个较低级别的多个分包商合作。然后将该模型扩展为具有多层次承包商-分包商关系的一般网络模型。我们推导出的解决方案的算法,其特征在于最佳的验证策略和激励措施,为每个公司。我们的工作有助于系统工程文献的激励作为一种机制,以调整多公司系统工程项目中的验证活动的研究奠定了基础。
Verification activities are intended to reduce the costs of system development by identifying design errors before deploying the system. However, subcontractors in multifirm projects are motivated to implement locally cost‐effective verification strategies over verification strategies that benefit the main contractor. Incentivizing verification activities is one mechanism by which the contractor can motivate subcontractors to implement verification strategies desirable to the contractor. Prior work on mathematical models of verification in systems engineering has neither explored optimal verification strategies nor incentives in multi‐firm projects. In this paper, we present a modeling concept for determining optimal verification strategies in multi‐firm projects. Our models are belief‐based, which means that contractors and subcontractors incorporate their at times limited knowledge about true verification state through a probabilistic assessment of possible states. We develop an initial two‐level model, where one contractor directly works with multiple subcontractors at the next lower level. This model is then extended to a general network model with multiple, multilevel contractor‐subcontractor relationship. We derive solution algorithms that characterize the optimal verification strategies and incentives for each of the firms. Our work contributes to the systems engineering literature by laying the foundation for the study of incentives as a mechanism to align verification activities in multi‐firm systems engineering projects.
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