Ion-Dependent Conformational Plasticity of Telomeric G-Hairpins and G-Quadruplexes.

Ion-Dependent Conformational Plasticity of Telomeric G-Hairpins and G-Quadruplexes.
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端粒G-发夹和G-四链体的离子依赖性构象可塑性。

DOI:
10.1021/acsomega.2c01600
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发表时间:
2022-07-12
期刊:
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Lemkul, Justin A.
Lemkul, Justin A.
中科院分区:
化学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Salsbury, Alexa M.;Michel, Haley M.;Lemkul, Justin A.

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端粒DNA富含鸟嘌呤,可以采用G-四链(GQ)和G-发夹等结构。端粒GQ影响基因组稳定性和端粒酶活性,使得了解酶-GQ相互作用和动力学对于潜在的药物设计非常重要。GQ有一个特征的四分体核心,由环状区域连接。在这个架构中有G发夹,这是被认为代表GQ折叠的第一中间图案的折叠图案。为了更好地了解G-发夹基序和GQ之间的关系,我们对两个四分体端粒GQ和一个分离的SC11端粒G-发夹进行了极化模拟。端粒Gq含有一个G-三联体,根据局部构象的变化,它作为四分体核心或连接区的一部分发挥作用。这个三联体和四分体核心下面的另一个基序经常结合离子,可能代表可药物的部位。此外,我们在对SC11G-发夹的模拟中观察到了G-三联体和G-四联体的无偏形成,并发现阳离子在促进这些基序形成的同时可以部分水化。最后,我们证明了K+离子与鸟嘌呤碱基形成特异性相互作用,而Na+离子与结构中的碱基非特异性相互作用。总之,这些模拟为离子对GQS、G-发夹和G-三联体基序的影响提供了新的见解。
Telomeric DNA is guanine-rich and can adopt structures such as G-quadruplexes (GQs) and G-hairpins. Telomeric GQs influence genome stability and telomerase activity, making understanding of enzyme–GQ interactions and dynamics important for potential drug design. GQs have a characteristic tetrad core, which is connected by loop regions. Within this architecture are G-hairpins, fold-back motifs that are thought to represent the first intermediate in GQ folding. To better understand the relationship between G-hairpin motifs and GQs, we performed polarizable simulations of a two-tetrad telomeric GQ and an isolated SC11 telomeric G-hairpin. The telomeric GQ contains a G-triad, which functions as part of the tetrad core or linker regions, depending on local conformational change. This triad and another motif below the tetrad core frequently bound ions and may represent druggable sites. Further, we observed the unbiased formation of a G-triad and a G-tetrad in simulations of the SC11 G-hairpin and found that cations can be partially hydrated while facilitating the formation of these motifs. Finally, we demonstrated that K+ ions form specific interactions with guanine bases, while Na+ ions interact nonspecifically with bases in the structure. Together, these simulations provide new insights into the influence of ions on GQs, G-hairpins, and G-triad motifs.
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