The evolution of a coastal carbon store over the last millennium

The evolution of a coastal carbon store over the last millennium
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过去千年沿海碳储存的演变

DOI:
10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107081
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Smeaton C
Smeaton C
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Smeaton C

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峡湾沉积物被认为是埋藏和储存有机碳的热点,但对大量陆地有机碳(OC)转移到这些沿海碳储存的长期驱动因素知之甚少。苏格兰的中纬度峡湾集水区有着悠久的人类占领和环境干扰的历史。我们提供了新的证据表明,在过去的500年中,人为干扰的增加似乎已经推动了陆地有机碳输送到沿海海洋的幅度的一步变化。在上个千年的后半期,来自采矿、农业和林业的压力增加,破坏了集水区土壤的稳定,并将深层储存的老化有机碳从集水区转移到沿海海洋。在这里,我们表明,峡湾沉积物能够作为高度响应和有效的陆地有机碳汇,与有机碳积累率增加到20%,在人为干扰的高峰期。峡湾有机碳汇的响应性和规模代表了全球碳循环中一个潜在的重要的随时间演变的组成部分,目前还没有认识到这一点,但有可能在理解这些沿海碳储存在我们的气候系统中的作用方面变得越来越重要。
Fjord sediments are recognized as hotspots for the burial and storage of organic carbon, yet little is known about the long-term drivers of significant terrestrial organic carbon (OC) transfers into these coastal carbon stores. The mid-latitude fjord catchments of Scotland have a long history of human occupation and environmental disturbance. We provide new evidence to show that increased anthropogenic disturbances over the last 500 years appear to have driven a step change in the magnitude of terrestrial OC transported to the coastal ocean. Increased pressures from mining, agriculture and forestry over the latter half of the last millennium have destabilized catchment soils and remobilized deep stores of aged OC from the catchment to the coastal ocean. Here we show that fjord sediments are capable of acting as highly responsive and effective terrestrial OC sinks, with OC accumulation rates increasing up to 20% during the peak period of anthropogenic disturbance. The responsiveness and magnitude of the fjord OC sink represents a potentially significant time-evolving component of the global carbon cycle that is currently not recognized but has the potential to become increasingly important in the understanding of the role of these coastal carbon stores in our climate system.
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