A unitary mechanism underlies adaptation to both local and global environmental statistics in time perception.
A unitary mechanism underlies adaptation to both local and global environmental statistics in time perception.
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统一机制是对时间感知的本地和全球环境统计的适应性。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011116
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发表时间：
2023-05
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
我们的持续时间估计灵活地适应时间上下文的统计特性。人类和非人类物种表现出对先前观察到的持续时间平均值的感知偏差以及序列依赖性，即对最近处理的事件的持续时间的感知偏差。在这里，我们询问这两种现象是否源于单一机制，或者反映了分别适应全球和本地环境统计数据的两个不同系统的运行。我们采用了一组持续时间再现任务，其中目标持续时间是从具有不同方差和均值的分布中采样的。集中趋势和序列依赖性偏差由先验的范围和方差共同调节，并且这些效应可以通过单一机制模型很好地捕捉到，在该模型中，时间预期在每次试验后根据感知观察进行更新。假设全球和局部背景效应的不同机制的替代模型未能捕捉到实证结果。我们的感知系统可以主动适应多个时间尺度环境的统计特性。例如，事件的感知持续时间受到在相对较长时期内观察到的事件的平均持续时间以及最近处理的事件的持续时间的偏差。这里我们要问，这两种效应反映的是单独机制的运作还是单一机制的运作。我们开发了一系列独立和统一机制的计算模型，并使用实验操作来生成预测，从而使我们能够评估模型。我们表明，序列依赖性（短期适应的特征）受到长期环境的调节。结果与单一机制模型的预测一致，该模型假设全局先验以逐次试验的方式更新。假设单独机制的替代模型无法捕获经验结果。这些结果全面展示了计时系统如何共同适应短期和长期环境统计。
Our duration estimation flexibly adapts to the statistical properties of the temporal context. Humans and non-human species exhibit a perceptual bias towards the mean of durations previously observed as well as serial dependence, a perceptual bias towards the duration of recently processed events. Here we asked whether those two phenomena arise from a unitary mechanism or reflect the operation of two distinct systems that adapt separately to the global and local statistics of the environment. We employed a set of duration reproduction tasks in which the target duration was sampled from distributions with different variances and means. The central tendency and serial dependence biases were jointly modulated by the range and the variance of the prior, and these effects were well-captured by a unitary mechanism model in which temporal expectancies are updated after each trial based on perceptual observations. Alternative models that assume separate mechanisms for global and local contextual effects failed to capture the empirical results. Our perceptual system can actively adapt to the statistical properties of the environment in multiple time scales. For example, the perceived duration of an event is biased by the mean duration of events observed in a relatively long period and also by the durations of recently processed events. Here we ask whether these two effects reflect the operation of separate mechanisms or a unitary mechanism. We develop a series of computational models of independent and unitary mechanisms, and use experimental manipulations that generate predictions which allow us to evaluate the models. We show that serial dependence, the signature of short-term adaptation, is modulated by the long-term context. The results are consistent with the predictions of a unitary mechanism model which assumes the global prior is updated in a trial-by-trial manner. The alternative models that assume separate mechanisms fail to capture the empirical results. These results provide a comprehensive picture of how the timing system jointly adapts to short- and long-term environmental statistics.
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影响因子：
4.3
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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