Three types of ambiguity in coding empathic interactions in primary care visits: implications for research and practice.

Three types of ambiguity in coding empathic interactions in primary care visits: implications for research and practice.
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初级保健就诊中共情互动编码的三种模糊性:对研究和实践的影响。

DOI:
10.1016/j.pec.2012.06.013
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Frankel,RichardM
Frankel,RichardM
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Stone,AshleyL;Tai-Seale,Ming;Stults,CherylD;Luiz,JamieM;Frankel,RichardM

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目的描述在定期健康检查样本中研究患者情绪表达所经历的三个方法挑战,以及这些挑战的研究和实践意义。方法对322例成人患者进行综合输送系统定期健康检查的录音和笔录共情线索进行定性分析。采用共情和潜在共情机会方法。结果识别构成“移情机会”的情感线索是一项复杂的任务。三种类型的模糊性使这项任务特别具有挑战性:1)情感线索的呈现可能是“模糊的”和多样的;2)在缺乏明确的“情感词汇”的情况下,疾病的表达可能充满情感;移情机会的长度和强度各不相同。结论:对于试图用二元编码方案记录情感线索的研究人员来说,相互作用的模糊性是一个挑战,该方案仅表明共情机会是否存在。需要进一步努力完善研究医疗互动中的移情的方法方法。实践意义所讨论的挑战可能代表了医生在与患者交谈时发现自己遇到的相同类型的情况。强调这些歧义可能有助于医生更好地认识和满足患者的情感需求。
OBJECTIVETo describe three methodological challenges experienced in studying patients’ expressions of emotion in a sample of periodic health exams, and the research and practice implications of these challenges.METHODSQualitative analysis of empathic cues in audio-taped and transcribed periodic health examinations of adult patients (n=322) in an integrated delivery system. The empathic and potential empathic opportunities methodology was used.RESULTSIdentifying emotional cues that constitute “empathic opportunities” is a complex task. Three types of ambiguity made this task particularly challenging: 1) presentations of emotional cues can be “fuzzy” and varied; 2) expressions of illness can be emotionally laden in the absence of explicit “emotion words”; and 3) empathic opportunities vary in length and intensity.CONCLUSIONInteractional ambiguities pose a challenge to researchers attempting to document emotional cues with a binary coding scheme that indicates only whether an empathic opportunity is present or absent. Additional efforts to refine the methodological approach for studying empathy in medical interactions are needed.PRACTICE IMPLICATIONSThe challenges discussed likely represent the same types of situations physicians find themselves in when talking with patients. Highlighting these ambiguities may aid physicians in better recognizing and meeting the emotional needs of their patients.
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