Robust Inference for Near-Unit Root Processes with Time-Varying Error Variances

Robust Inference for Near-Unit Root Processes with Time-Varying Error Variances
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具有时变误差方差的近单位根过程的鲁棒推理

DOI:
10.1080/07474938.2014.976525
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
1.2
通讯作者:
C. Hanck
C. Hanck
中科院分区:
经济学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Demetrescu;C. Hanck

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自回归柯西估计量使用第一滞后的符号作为辅助变量(IV);在独立同分布下(I.I.D.)误差情况下,得到的IVT型统计量在单位根情况下具有标准正态极限分布。在无条件异方差的情况下,普通最小二乘(OLS)统计量在单位根的情况下会受到影响,但本文证明了,当被检验序列没有确定性趋势时,通过一些类似于符号的渐近行为的非线性变换作为工具,IVT型统计量的极限正态是保持的。为此,既不需要估计所谓的方差分布,也不需要自举程序。柯西单位根检验在与通常的单位根检验相同的1/T邻域内具有功率,并且对于初始值的大小范围也是如此。此外,它还被证明与其他基于引导的健壮测试相比具有竞争力。然而,当级数呈现线性趋势时,单位根的柯西检验的零分布变得非标准,这让人想起Dickey-Fuller分布。在这种情况下,通过野Bootstrap得到了对非平稳波动具有鲁棒性的推断。
The autoregressive Cauchy estimator uses the sign of the first lag as instrumental variable (IV); under independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) errors, the resulting IVt-type statistic is known to have a standard normal limiting distribution in the unit root case. With unconditional heteroskedasticity, the ordinary least squares (OLS)tstatistic is affected in the unit root case; but the paper shows that, by using some nonlinear transformation behaving asymptotically like the sign as instrument, limiting normality of the IVt-type statistic is maintained when the series to be tested has no deterministic trends. Neither estimation of the so-called variance profile nor bootstrap procedures are required to this end. The Cauchy unit root test has power in the same 1/Tneighborhoods as the usual unit root tests, also for a wide range of magnitudes for the initial value. It is furthermore shown to be competitive with other, bootstrap-based, robust tests. When the series exhibit a linear trend, however, the null distribution of the Cauchy test for a unit root becomes nonstandard, reminiscent of the Dickey-Fuller distribution. In this case, inference robust to nonstationary volatility is obtained via the wild bootstrap.
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