Vascular endothelial cell specification in health and disease.
Vascular endothelial cell specification in health and disease.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10456-021-09785-7
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发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Hirschi KK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marziano C;Genet G;Hirschi KK
哺乳动物体内有两个血管网，它们协调地起着体内主要的供应和排泄系统的作用。血管系统将氧气、营养物质、循环细胞和可溶性因子运送到每个组织，并从每个组织运送。淋巴管系统维持间质液稳态，运输造血细胞用于免疫监视，并从胃肠道吸收脂肪。这些血管系统由高度组织化的特化血管网络组成，包括动脉、静脉、毛细血管和淋巴管，它们表现出不同的结构和细胞组成，从而实现不同的功能。所有的血管都由内皮细胞内层组成，内皮细胞与循环液直接接触;因此，它们是循环因子的第一反应者。然而，内皮细胞并不是同质的;相反，它们是一群异质的特化细胞，完全是为它们所构成的血管的生理需求而设计的。本文综述了目前对血管发育过程中动脉、静脉、毛细血管和淋巴管内皮细胞特性的认识。我们还讨论了这些过程的失调如何导致血管畸形，以及为治疗它们而开发的治疗方法。
There are two vascular networks in mammals that coordinately function as the main supply and drainage systems of the body. The blood vasculature carries oxygen, nutrients, circulating cells, and soluble factors to and from every tissue. The lymphatic vasculature maintains interstitial fluid homeostasis, transports hematopoietic cells for immune surveillance, and absorbs fat from the gastrointestinal tract. These vascular systems consist of highly organized networks of specialized vessels including arteries, veins, capillaries, and lymphatic vessels that exhibit different structures and cellular composition enabling distinct functions. All vessels are composed of an inner layer of endothelial cells that are in direct contact with the circulating fluid; therefore, they are the first responders to circulating factors. However, endothelial cells are not homogenous; rather, they are a heterogenous population of specialized cells perfectly designed for the physiological demands of the vessel they constitute. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the specification of arterial, venous, capillary, and lymphatic endothelial cell identities during vascular development. We also discuss how the dysregulation of these processes can lead to vascular malformations, and therapeutic approaches that have been developed for their treatment.
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