Achieving the Public Health and Safety Potential of Substance Abuse Treatments

Achieving the Public Health and Safety Potential of Substance Abuse Treatments
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实现药物滥用治疗的公共健康和安全潜力

DOI:
10.1007/978-1-4899-3591-5_6
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发表时间:
1996
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
C. Weisner
C. Weisner
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
A. Mclellan;C. Weisner

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大量使用酒精和毒品与严重的公共卫生和公共安全问题有关,包括传染病的传播、不成比例地使用医疗和社会服务、交通事故和街头犯罪(Gerstein & Harwood,1990; Institute of Medicine,1990; Merril,1993; Rice,Kelman,&米勒,1991)。这些与酒精和毒品“有关”的问题不仅降低了整个国家日常生活的安全和质量,而且也是大量费用的来源。例如,Rice和他的同事估计,1990年,仅酒精滥用一项就给国家造成了990亿美元的损失,而药物滥用则约为670亿美元(Rice,Kelman,&米勒,1991)。这些经济、健康和安全问题重新引起了人们对扩大治疗方案的兴趣,为治疗提供更多的公共资金,甚至增加使用法院授权的治疗,作为处理与药物滥用有关的公共健康和安全问题的一种方法(布兰代斯大学健康政策研究所,1993年;施密特,1995年)。与此同时,许多社会阶层对药物滥用治疗的有效性持怀疑态度;政府、医疗保健融资和广大公众都质疑治疗是否“值得”。就在去年7月,《华尔街日报》质疑药物滥用治疗的有效性和价值,称“......治疗方案的成功率是高度不确定的”(华尔街日报,1994年,第A12页)。
Heavy use of alcohol and drugs is associated with serious public health and public safety problems, including transmission of infectious diseases, disproportionate use of medical and social services, traffic accidents, and street crime (Gerstein & Harwood, 1990; Institute of Medicine, 1990; Merril, 1993; Rice, Kelman, & Miller, 1991). These alcohol- and drug-“related” problems not only reduce the safety and quality of daily life throughout this country, but they are also a source of substantial expense. For example, Rice and colleagues have estimated that the total cost to the country in 1990 was $99 billion for alcohol abuse alone, and approximately $67 billion for drug abuse (Rice, Kelman, & Miller, 1991). These economic, health, and safety issues have brought renewed interest in the expansion of treatment programs, more public financing for treatment, and even increased use of court-mandated treatments as a method of dealing with the public health and safety problems related to substance abuse (Institute for Health Policy at Brandeis University, 1993; Schmidt, 1995). At the same time, many segments of society are skeptical about the effectiveness of substance abuse treatments; there are those in government, healthcare financing, and the public at large who question whether treatment is “worth it.” As recently as July of last year, the Wall Street Journal questioned the effectiveness and value of substance abuse treatment, saying “... the success rate of treatment programs is highly uncertain” (Wall Street Journal, 1994, p. A12).
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