Single cell RNA sequencing in isogenic FUS and TARDBP mutant ALS lines reveals early mitochondrial dysfunction as a common pathway in motor neurons

Single cell RNA sequencing in isogenic FUS and TARDBP mutant ALS lines reveals early mitochondrial dysfunction as a common pathway in motor neurons
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同基因 FUS 和 TARDBP 突变 ALS 系的单细胞 RNA 测序揭示早期线粒体功能障碍是运动神经元的常见途径

DOI:
10.1101/2023.03.16.531876
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Schweingruber C
Schweingruber C
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
Schweingruber C

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RNA/DNA结合蛋白FUS和TDP-43的突变会导致致命的肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS)。选择性运动神经元变性背后的确切机制仍不清楚,也不确定ALS致病突变是否通过共同或不同的致病途径触发运动神经元死亡。为了解决这两个问题,我们对来自等基因诱导多能干细胞系的神经元类型进行了单细胞RNA测序,这些细胞系含有FUS P525L、FUS R495X、TARDBP M337V突变或FUS敲除。这些突变在运动神经元中引起的转录反应是中间神经元的5 - 15倍。运动神经元中大约20%的独特失调转录物在FUS突变中共享,其中一半由FUS功能获得驱动。其中,大多数人指出线粒体损伤,与TARDBP M337V突变共享的衰减途径。荟萃分析表明,线粒体功能障碍与C9orf72-ALS患者源性运动神经元的收敛。我们观察到ALS运动轴突的线粒体运动受损,甚至在将FUS保留在核中的同基因FUS R244C运动神经元中也是如此,这表明FUS和TARDBP-ALS具有共同的毒性功能获得机制,与蛋白质错误定位解偶联。这些运动神经元特有的线粒体功能障碍的早期迹象可能对其生存产生深远的影响,并代表了多种ALS形式的有希望的治疗靶点。
Mutations in the RNA/DNA-binding proteins FUS and TDP-43 cause the fatal disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The precise mechanisms behind the selective motor neuron degeneration remain unclear and it is uncertain if ALS-causative mutations trigger motor neuron death through shared or distinct pathogenic pathways. To address these two questions, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing across neuron types derived from isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell lines, harbouring FUS P525L, FUS R495X, TARDBP M337V mutations or FUS knockout. The mutations elicited 5- to 15-fold greater transcriptional responses in motor neurons than interneurons. Approximately 20% of transcripts uniquely dysregulated in motor neurons were shared across FUS mutations, with half being driven by FUS gain-of-function. Among these, a majority pointed towards mitochondrial impairments, with attenuated pathways shared with the TARDBP M337V mutation. Meta-analysis demonstrated convergence on mitochondrial dysfunction withC9orf72-ALS patient-derived motor neurons. We observed impaired mitochondrial motility across ALS motor axons, even in isogenic FUS R244C motor neurons, which retain FUS in the nucleus, demonstrating shared toxic gain-of-function mechanisms acrossFUS- andTARDBP-ALS, uncoupled from protein mislocalization. These early signs of mitochondrial dysfunction unique to motor neurons could have profound implications for their survival and represent promising therapeutic targets across multiple ALS forms.
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