Evolutionary Conservation of PP2A Antagonism and G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest in Maedi-Visna Virus Vif.

Evolutionary Conservation of PP2A Antagonism and G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest in Maedi-Visna Virus Vif.
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DOI:
10.3390/v14081701
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发表时间:
2022-08-01
期刊:
Viruses
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其他
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慢病毒Vif蛋白的典型功能是抵消APOBEC3抗病毒限制因子的致突变潜力。然而,最近的研究发现,来自多种HIV-1和猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)分离株的Vif蛋白降解细胞B56磷酸化调节因子,重塑宿主磷酸化蛋白质组,诱导G2/M细胞周期阻滞。在这里,我们利用基于荧光的降解试验评估了这种活性在非灵长类慢病毒Vif蛋白中的保守性,并证明了maedii -visna病毒(MVV) Vif有效地降解了所有5个B56家族成员。对大量单氨基酸替代突变体的测试表明,MVV Vif通过静电相互作用的保守网络识别B56蛋白。此外,利用遗传学和药理学方法进行的实验表明,B56蛋白的降解需要细胞辅助因子亲环蛋白a。最后,MVV vif介导的B56蛋白的耗竭诱导了有效的G2/M细胞周期阻滞表型。因此,细胞磷酸化蛋白组的重塑和诱导G2/M细胞周期阻滞是慢病毒Vif蛋白古老而保守的功能,这表明它们有利于慢病毒的发病。
The canonical function of lentiviral Vif proteins is to counteract the mutagenic potential of APOBEC3 antiviral restriction factors. However, recent studies have discovered that Vif proteins from diverse HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) isolates degrade cellular B56 phosphoregulators to remodel the host phosphoproteome and induce G2/M cell cycle arrest. Here, we evaluate the conservation of this activity among non-primate lentiviral Vif proteins using fluorescence-based degradation assays and demonstrate that maedi-visna virus (MVV) Vif efficiently degrades all five B56 family members. Testing an extensive panel of single amino acid substitution mutants revealed that MVV Vif recognizes B56 proteins through a conserved network of electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, experiments using genetic and pharmacologic approaches demonstrate that degradation of B56 proteins requires the cellular cofactor cyclophilin A. Lastly, MVV Vif-mediated depletion of B56 proteins induces a potent G2/M cell cycle arrest phenotype. Therefore, remodeling of the cellular phosphoproteome and induction of G2/M cell cycle arrest are ancient and conserved functions of lentiviral Vif proteins, which suggests that they are advantageous for lentiviral pathogenesis.
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