Dissecting the Functional Consequences of De Novo DNA Methylation Dynamics in Human Motor Neuron Differentiation and Physiology.

Dissecting the Functional Consequences of De Novo DNA Methylation Dynamics in Human Motor Neuron Differentiation and Physiology.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.stem.2018.02.012
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发表时间:
2018-04-05
期刊:
影响因子:
23.9
通讯作者:
Kiskinis E
Kiskinis E
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ziller MJ;Ortega JA;Quinlan KA;Santos DP;Gu H;Martin EJ;Galonska C;Pop R;Maidl S;Di Pardo A;Huang M;Meltzer HY;Gnirke A;Heckman CJ;Meissner A;Kiskinis E

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体细胞DNA甲基化(DNAme)景观在发育早期建立,但在与基因调控元件重叠的焦点区域内保持高度动态。这些动态变化的意义,特别是在中枢神经系统中,仍然没有得到解决。在这里,我们利用一个强大的人胚胎干细胞分化模型,结合从头DNA机制中的基因突变,产生运动神经元(MN)。我们定量解剖的作用DNAme在指导体细胞的命运与高分辨率全基因组亚硫酸氢盐,散装和单细胞RNA测序。我们发现了DNMT 3A科斯中神经化和MN分化的缺陷,这些缺陷通过使用催化失活的dCas9将DNA甲基化靶向关键发育基因座来挽救。我们还发现DNMT3A KO MN中树突分支减少和电生理特性改变。我们的工作提供了DNMT 3A调节靶点的列表以及从头DNAme,细胞分化和人MN功能之间的机制联系。Kiskinis及其同事证明,DNA甲基化动力学在人类多能干细胞向高度特化的运动神经元分化中起着核心作用。通过分子和功能分析的结合,他们确定了这些效应的关键转录介质,并将DNA甲基化与神经元模式和功能联系起来。
The somatic DNA methylation (DNAme) landscape is established early in development, but remains highly dynamic within focal regions that overlap with gene regulatory elements. The significance of these dynamic changes, particularly in the central nervous system, remains unresolved. Here, we utilize a powerful human embryonic stem cell differentiation model for the generation of motor neurons (MNs) in combination with genetic mutations in the de novo DNAme machinery. We quantitatively dissect the role of DNAme in directing somatic cell fate with high-resolution genome-wide bisulfite-, bulk- and single cell-RNA sequencing. We find defects in neuralization and MN differentiation in DNMT3A KOs that are rescued by targeting DNA methylation to key developmental loci using catalytically inactive dCas9. We also find decreased dendritic arborization and altered electrophysiological properties in DNMT3A KO MNs. Our work provides a list of DNMT3A-regulated targets and a mechanistic link between de novo DNAme, cellular differentiation and human MN function. Kiskinis and colleagues demonstrate that DNA methylation dynamics play a central role in the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells towards highly specialized motor neurons. Through a combination of molecular and functional analysis they identify key transcriptional mediators of these effects and link DNA methylation to neuronal patterning and function.
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