Liver as a target of human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Liver as a target of human immunodeficiency virus infection.
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DOI：
10.3748/wjg.v24.i42.4728
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发表时间：
2018-11-14
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Osna NA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ganesan M;Poluektova LY;Kharbanda KK;Osna NA
肝损伤是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的一个特征，是导致HIV感染患者死亡的第二大常见原因。现在人们认识到肝脏在HIV感染的发病机制中起着关键作用。抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）在允许性免疫细胞中抑制HIV感染，但在肝细胞中效果较差，从而使这些细胞成为HIV感染的沉默储存库。除了艾滋病毒的直接肝毒性作用外，某些抗逆转录病毒治疗方式也具有肝毒性作用。hiv引发的慢性肝炎进展的确切机制尚不清楚，但肝脏受到hiv感染的不利影响，肝细胞显著参与hiv引起的损伤。像酒精这样的二次冲击会增强这些影响。在这里，我们将重点关注HIV的发病率、HIV相关肝损伤的临床证据、HIV与肝细胞之间的相互作用以及酒精和嗜肝病毒合并感染在肝脏炎症和纤维化进展中的作用。
Liver injury is a characteristic feature of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which is the second most common cause of mortality in HIV-infected patients. Now it is recognized that liver plays a key role in HIV infection pathogenesis. Antiretroviral therapy (ART), which suppresses HIV infection in permissive immune cells, is less effective in hepatocytes, thereby making these cells a silent reservoir of HIV infection. In addition to direct hepatotoxic effects of HIV, certain ART treatment modalities provide hepatotoxic effects. The exact mechanisms of HIV-triggered chronic hepatitis progression are not elucidated, but the liver is adversely affected by HIV-infection and liver cells are prominently involved in HIV-elicited injury. These effects are potentiated by second hits like alcohol. Here, we will focus on the incidence of HIV, clinical evidence of HIV-related liver damage, interactions between HIV and liver cells and the role of alcohol and co-infection with hepatotropic viruses in liver inflammation and fibrosis progression.
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