Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and plant immunity to fungal pathogens: do the risks outweigh the benefits?
Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and plant immunity to fungal pathogens: do the risks outweigh the benefits?
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DOI：
10.1042/bcj20230152
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发表时间：
2023-11-29
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自工业革命以来，人为排放已使大气中的二氧化碳浓度翻了一番。虽然这可能有利于植物生长的“CO2施肥”的影响，最近的研究报告矛盾的影响，CO2浓度升高（eCO 2）对植物病原体的相互作用。真菌病原体是植物病害的主要原因。由于气候变化已被证明会影响这些病原体的分布和毒力，因此了解它们的植物宿主也可能做出反应是很重要的。本综述评估了现有的积极的，消极的，中性的影响eCO 2对植物的真菌病原体感染的免疫反应的报告。eCO 2和免疫力之间的相互作用似乎具体到个人的病理系统，依赖于环境背景和驱动的植物防御机制之间的相互作用，这表明没有普遍的影响可以预测的未来。这项研究对于评估植物如何在气候变化下变得更加危险至关重要，并有助于指导生物技术努力，以增强脆弱物种的抵抗力。尽管了解eCO 2对植物免疫力的影响对于保护全球粮食安全、生物多样性和气候变化中的森林非常重要，但许多植物-病原体相互作用尚未得到研究。此外，还需要进一步研究eCO 2与其他与气候变化有关的环境因素的影响。在这篇综述中，我们强调了eCO 2对植物的风险，并指出了解决当前未知问题所需的研究。
Anthropogenic emissions have caused atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations to double since the industrial revolution. Although this could benefit plant growth from the ‘CO2 fertilisation’ effect, recent studies report conflicting impacts of elevated CO2 (eCO2) on plant–pathogen interactions. Fungal pathogens are the leading cause of plant disease. Since climate change has been shown to affect the distribution and virulence of these pathogens, it is important to understand how their plant hosts may also respond. This review assesses existing reports of positive, negative, and neutral effects of eCO2 on plant immune responses to fungal pathogen infection. The interaction between eCO2 and immunity appears specific to individual pathosystems, dependent on environmental context and driven by the interactions between plant defence mechanisms, suggesting no universal effect can be predicted for the future. This research is vital for assessing how plants may become more at risk under climate change and could help to guide biotechnological efforts to enhance resistance in vulnerable species. Despite the importance of understanding the effects of eCO2 on plant immunity for protecting global food security, biodiversity, and forests in a changing climate, many plant–pathogen interactions are yet to be investigated. In addition, further research into the effects of eCO2 in combination with other environmental factors associated with climate change is needed. In this review, we highlight the risks of eCO2 to plants and point to the research required to address current unknowns.
DOI：
10.1111/nph.15018
发表时间：
2018-04
期刊：
The New phytologist
影响因子：
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作者：
Williams A;Pétriacq P;Schwarzenbacher RE;Beerling DJ;Ton J
通讯作者：
Ton J
影响因子：
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作者：
Stevens, Katie;Johnston, Iain G.;Luna, Estrella
通讯作者：
Luna, Estrella