Robot Faces that Follow Gaze Facilitate Attentional Engagement and Increase Their Likeability.
Robot Faces that Follow Gaze Facilitate Attentional Engagement and Increase Their Likeability.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00070
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Wykowska A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Willemse C;Marchesi S;Wykowska A
人形机器人的注视行为是提示我们空间定向的有效机制，但人们对机器人响应人类方向提示的认知情感后果知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了人形机器人 (iCub) 化身将目光投向与参与者相同的物体的程度如何影响与机器人的接触、随后的目光线索以及对机器人特征的主观评分。在一项与注视相关的眼球追踪任务中，参与者被要求用注视来表明对两个物体之一的偏好，同时在物体照片之间呈现 iCub 头像。在一种情况下，iCub 将目光转向参与者在 80% 的试验中选择的物体（联合条件），而在另一种情况下，它在 80% 的时间里看着相反的物体（不相交条件）。根据人类社会认知方面的文献，我们将参与者回头看机器人的速度作为促进重新定向和机器人偏好的衡量标准，并发现这些返回扫视开始时间在联合条件下比在不相交条件下更快。正如随后的凝视提示任务的结果所示，机器人的凝视跟踪行为对我们的参与者如何响应凝视提示几乎没有影响。然而，主观报告表明，我们的参与者更喜欢 iCub 跟随参与者的目光，而不是具有不相交注意力行为的 iCub，认为它更像人类，更讨人喜欢。总而言之，我们的研究结果表明人们更喜欢跟随我们目光的机器人。重要的是，注视行为的这种微妙差异足以影响我们对人形机器人的感知，这清楚地为在更自然的环境中设计人形机器人的行为特征提供了线索。
Gaze behavior of humanoid robots is an efficient mechanism for cueing our spatial orienting, but less is known about the cognitive–affective consequences of robots responding to human directional cues. Here, we examined how the extent to which a humanoid robot (iCub) avatar directed its gaze to the same objects as our participants affected engagement with the robot, subsequent gaze-cueing, and subjective ratings of the robot’s characteristic traits. In a gaze-contingent eyetracking task, participants were asked to indicate a preference for one of two objects with their gaze while an iCub avatar was presented between the object photographs. In one condition, the iCub then shifted its gaze toward the object chosen by a participant in 80% of the trials (joint condition) and in the other condition it looked at the opposite object 80% of the time (disjoint condition). Based on the literature in human–human social cognition, we took the speed with which the participants looked back at the robot as a measure of facilitated reorienting and robot-preference, and found these return saccade onset times to be quicker in the joint condition than in the disjoint condition. As indicated by results from a subsequent gaze-cueing tasks, the gaze-following behavior of the robot had little effect on how our participants responded to gaze cues. Nevertheless, subjective reports suggested that our participants preferred the iCub following participants’ gaze to the one with a disjoint attention behavior, rated it as more human-like and as more likeable. Taken together, our findings show a preference for robots who follow our gaze. Importantly, such subtle differences in gaze behavior are sufficient to influence our perception of humanoid agents, which clearly provides hints about the design of behavioral characteristics of humanoid robots in more naturalistic settings.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Friesen, CK;Kingstone, A
通讯作者：
Kingstone, A
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Gobbini, M. Ida;Haxby, James V.
通讯作者：
Haxby, James V.
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Bayliss, Andrew P.;Murphy, Emily;Becker, Stefanie I.
通讯作者：
Becker, Stefanie I.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Dalmaso M;Galfano G;Coricelli C;Castelli L
通讯作者：
Castelli L
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Bartneck, Christoph;Kulic, Dana;Zoghbi, Susana
通讯作者：
Zoghbi, Susana