Tris(carbene) Stabilization of Monomeric Magnesium Cations: A Neutral, Nontethered Ligand Approach

Tris(carbene) Stabilization of Monomeric Magnesium Cations: A Neutral, Nontethered Ligand Approach
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Tris(卡宾) 稳定单体镁阳离子:一种中性、非束缚配体方法

DOI:
10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00462
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
Gilliard, Robert J.
Gilliard, Robert J.
中科院分区:
化学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Obi, Akachukwu D.;Walley, Jacob E.;Frey, Nathan C.;Wong, Yuen Onn;Dickie, Diane A.;Webster, Charles Edwin;Gilliard, Robert J.

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在此,我们描述了双(卡宾)和三(卡宾)稳定的有机镁阳离子的合成和结构表征。 N-杂环卡宾 (NHC) 稳定的格氏试剂 (iPrNHC)2Mg(Me)(Br) (1) 和 Na[BArF4](iPrNHC = 1,3-二异丙基-4,5-二甲基咪唑-2-亚基,ArF= 3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)在氯苯中反应,仅产生双(NHC)稳定的阳离子[{(iPrNHC)2Mg}2(μ-Me)2][(BArF4)2] (2)。如果反应在醚类或非极性芳烃溶剂中进行,2 会发生 Schlenk 型重排,生成三(NHC) 稳定的阳离子 [(iPrNHC)3Mg(Me)][BArF4] (3[BArF4]) 和 [(iPrNHC)3Mg(Br)][BArF4] (4[BArF4])。这些单体阳离子 3[A] 和 4[A](A = BArF4, BPh4) 可以使用常见的烃溶剂以高产率独立制备为单一纯产品。在没有提取试剂的情况下,NHC 介导的溴化镁电离进一步证明了三(卡宾)稳定化的电子影响。空间上无阻碍的 1,3,4,5-四甲基咪唑-2-亚基 (MeNHC) 配体和 (MeNHC)2MgBr2(7) 之间的反应产生了 [(MeNHC)3MgBr][Br] 类型的两种几何上独特的阳离子:complex8a 带有弱配位的溴化物阴离子,形成三角双锥镁中心,complex8b 带有非配位溴阴离子,其中镁原子位于四面体配位环境中。所有分离的配合物均通过核磁共振波谱和单晶 X 射线衍射进行了表征,并通过密度泛函理论 (DFT) 研究了它们的键合。
Herein, we describe the syntheses and structural characterization of bis(carbene)- and tris(carbene)-stabilized organomagnesium cations. The reaction of the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) stabilized Grignard reagent (iPrNHC)2Mg(Me)(Br) (1) and Na[BArF4] (iPrNHC = 1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene, ArF= 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) in chlorobenzene yields exclusively the bis(NHC)-stabilized dication [{(iPrNHC)2Mg}2(μ-Me)2][(BArF4)2] (2). If the reaction is performed in ethereal or nonpolar arene solvents,2undergoes Schlenk-type rearrangements to tris(NHC)-stabilized cations [(iPrNHC)3Mg(Me)][BArF4] (3[BArF4]) and [(iPrNHC)3Mg(Br)][BArF4] (4[BArF4]). These monomeric cations3[A]and4[A](A = BArF4, BPh4) can be independently prepared as single pure products in high yields using common hydrocarbon solvents. The electronic influence of tris(carbene) stabilization is further evidenced by an NHC-mediated ionization of magnesium bromide in the absence of abstraction reagents. The reaction between the sterically unencumbered 1,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazol-2-ylidene (MeNHC) ligand and (MeNHC)2MgBr2(7) resulted in two geometrically unique cations of the type [(MeNHC)3MgBr][Br]: complex8abearing a weakly coordinating bromide anion resulting in a trigonal bipyramidal magnesium center, and complex8bbearing a noncoordinating bromide anion where the magnesium atom resides in a tetrahedral coordination environment. All isolated complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and their bonding was investigated by density functional theory (DFT).
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