A hero for the outgroup, a black sheep for the ingroup: Societal perceptions of those who confront discrimination

A hero for the outgroup, a black sheep for the ingroup: Societal perceptions of those who confront discrimination
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外群体的英雄,内群体的害群之马:社会对遭受歧视的人的看法

DOI:
10.1016/j.jesp.2019.103832
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Becker
Becker
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kutlaca;Becker

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对抗歧视可以被视为一种道德上勇敢的行为,然而那些参与其中的人可能会面临社会反弹的风险。在三个实验中,我们研究了社会对那些参与性别歧视(研究1和研究2)和种族主义广告(研究3)对抗的人的看法。我们检验了两个相互竞争的假设。首先,先前对歧视对抗的研究表明,面对不公正的弱势群体成员(即目标)应该比面对不公正的优势群体成员(即盟友)受到更严厉的评判。其次,通过借鉴对行善者贬损的研究,我们提出盟友和目标面临社会反弹的风险,但来自内部成员的风险比来自外部成员的风险更大。在研究1中,我们发现弱势群体成员比优势群体成员更积极地评价盟友。研究2和研究3显示,观众对对抗者有积极的看法。然而,优势群体的成员对盟友的支持少于目标,而弱势群体的成员更喜欢盟友而不是目标(研究2)或同样支持他们(研究3)。因此,我们的研究结果为第二种假设提供了更多的支持,并讨论了它们对道德勇气、对抗和行善者贬损的文献意义。
Confrontation of discrimination can be seen as a form of morally courageous behavior, however those who engage in it presumably risk societal backlash. In three experiments, we examined societal perception of those who engage in confrontation of sexist (Study 1 and Study 2) and racist advertisement (Study 3). We tested two competing hypotheses. First, prior research on confrontation of discrimination suggests that members of disadvantaged groups who confront injustice (i.e., targets) should be judged more harshly than members of advantaged groups who confront (i.e., allies). Second, by drawing upon the insights from the work on do-gooder derogation, we proposed that allies and targets risk societal backlash, but more so from ingroup members than outgroup members. In Study 1, we found that disadvantaged group members evaluated an ally more positively than advantaged group members. Study 2 and Study 3 revealed that the audience had a positive view of confronters. However, members of advantaged groups supported allies less than targets, whereas members of disadvantaged groups preferred allies over targets (Study 2) or supported them equally (Study 3). Thus, our findings provide more support for the second hypothesis and we discuss their implications for the literature on moral courage, confrontation and do-gooder derogation.
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