Mammalian urine concentration: a review of renal medullary architecture and membrane transporters.
Mammalian urine concentration: a review of renal medullary architecture and membrane transporters.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00360-018-1164-3
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发表时间：
2018-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pannabecker TL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nawata CM;Pannabecker TL
哺乳动物的肾脏在平衡体内水和盐浓度方面起着至关重要的作用。当水需要保存时，肾髓质产生浓缩尿。尿浓缩过程的中心是从皮髓质边界到内髓质尖端增加的渗透梯度。自20世纪40年代以来，这种梯度是如何产生和保持的一直是研究的主题。虽然人们普遍认为外髓通过涉及逆流增殖的主动过程对梯度有贡献，但内髓中梯度的来源尚不清楚。在过去的二十年里，我们对尿液浓缩机制的理解取得了进展。肾小管和血管的髓质结构和渗透性特性的细节表明，这些结构的功能和解剖关系可能有助于浓缩尿液所需的渗透梯度。此外，我们正在了解更多有关膜转运蛋白及其调控机制。本文重点综述了髓质结构和膜转运蛋白在哺乳动物尿浓缩机制中的作用。
Mammalian kidneys play an essential role in balancing internal water and salt concentrations. When water needs to be conserved, the renal medulla produces concentrated urine. Central to this process of urine concentration is an osmotic gradient that increases from the corticomedullary boundary to the inner medullary tip. How this gradient is generated and maintained has been the subject of study since the 1940’s. While it is generally accepted that the outer medulla contributes to the gradient by means of an active process involving countercurrent multiplication, the source of the gradient in the inner medulla is unclear. The last two decades have witnessed advances in our understanding of the urine-concentrating mechanism. Details of medullary architecture and permeability properties of the tubules and vessels suggest that the functional and anatomic relationships of these structures may contribute to the osmotic gradient necessary to concentrate urine. Additionally, we are learning more about the membrane transporters involved and their regulatory mechanisms. The role of medullary architecture and membrane transporters in the mammalian urine-concentrating mechanism are the focus of this review.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1710964114
发表时间：
2017-11-14
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Chen, Lihe;Lee, Jae Wook;Knepper, Mark A.
通讯作者：
Knepper, Mark A.
影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1152/ajprenal.00572.2009
发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Chen, Jing;Edwards, Aurelie;Layton, Anita T.
通讯作者：
Layton, Anita T.
DOI：
10.1152/ajprenal.90497.2008
发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Chen, Jing;Edwards, Aurelie;Layton, Anita T.
通讯作者：
Layton, Anita T.
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Boone, Michelle;Deen, Peter M. T.
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Deen, Peter M. T.