Not all disengagement coping strategies are created equal: positive distraction, but not avoidance, can be an adaptive coping strategy for chronic life stressors
Not all disengagement coping strategies are created equal: positive distraction, but not avoidance, can be an adaptive coping strategy for chronic life stressors
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并非所有的脱离应对策略都是一样的：积极的分散注意力，而不是回避，可以成为慢性生活压力源的适应性应对策略
DOI：
10.1080/10615806.2020.1755820
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Furr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christian E. Waugh;Elaine Z. Shing;R. Furr
摘要背景：积极的分心是指通过思考或参与能够产生积极情绪的活动来分散自己对压力源的注意力。我们假设，虽然这是一种脱离应对策略，历史上一直被视为不适应(例如，回避)，但积极分心可以是一种预测积极结果的适应性版本。设计：为了验证这一假设，我们开发了一个量表来测量积极和中性的分心(通过从事日常活动来分散自己的注意力)对3个样本的慢性应激源的反应(Mtur1，N = 206；本科生，N = 376；MTurk2，N = 200)。然后，我们将这些策略的使用与这些样本和另一个本科生样本(N = 370)的结果联系起来。结果：探索性结构方程证实该量表由正向分心和中性分心两个因子组成，与回避呈正相关。然而，与回避不同的是，积极的分心(在较小程度上是中性分心)与积极的结果相关，例如更高的幸福感和积极的情绪，以及更少的抑郁症状，特别是在控制回避时。结论：我们的结果表明，当控制回避时，积极分心可以作为慢性应激源的适应性脱离应对策略，并应被纳入应对研究和干预。
ABSTRACT Background: Positive distraction involves distracting oneself from a stressor by thinking about or engaging in activities that induce positive emotion. We hypothesized that although it is a disengagement coping strategy, which have been historically viewed as maladaptive (e.g., avoidance), positive distraction can be an adaptive version that predicts positive outcomes. Design: To test this hypothesis, we developed a scale to measure positive and neutral distraction (distracting oneself by engaging in daily activities) in response to chronic stressors in 3 samples (MTurk1, N = 206; undergraduate, N = 376; MTurk2, N = 200). We then correlated the use of these strategies with outcomes in these samples and another undergraduate sample (N = 370). Results: Exploratory SEM confirmed that the scale consists of two factors corresponding to positive and neutral distraction, which were positively correlated with avoidance. However, unlike avoidance, positive distraction (and to a lesser degree neutral distraction) was related to positive outcomes such as higher well-being and positive emotions, and fewer depressive symptoms especially when controlling for avoidance. Conclusions: Our results suggest that positive distraction can be an adaptive disengagement coping strategy for chronic stressors when controlling for avoidance and should be incorporated into coping studies and interventions.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
FOLKMAN, S;LAZARUS, RS;NOVACEK, J
通讯作者：
NOVACEK, J
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Fredrickson, BL;Tugade, MM;Larkin, GR
通讯作者：
Larkin, GR