Science priorities for seamounts: research links to conservation and management.
Science priorities for seamounts: research links to conservation and management.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0029232
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Consalvey M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark MR;Schlacher TA;Rowden AA;Stocks KI;Consalvey M
海山塑造了所有海洋盆地的地形，并可能成为深海生物活动的热点。海山海洋生物普查(CenSeam)是2005年至2010年全球海洋生物普查(CoML)倡议的一部分，对海山进行了实地考察。CenSeam通过整理历史数据，收集新数据，对海山生物多样性进行区域和全球分析，绘制物种和栖息地分布图，挑战海山生态的既定范式，提出新的假设，并记录人类活动对海山的影响，从而推动了海山科学的发展。然而，由于全球海山数量众多，有关海山生态系统的结构、功能和连通性的许多问题仍未得到探索和了解。捕鱼和海底采矿对海山资源的持续威胁和潜在威胁正在产生迫切的需求，需要进行研究，为养护和管理战略提供信息。为满足这一需要，将需要在以下领域加强科学工作：1)改进物理和生物数据；特别重要的是关于海山位置、物理特征(例如生境的异质性和复杂性)、更完整和更深入的生物多样性清单以及更多地了解海山连通性和动物种群分布的信息；2)新的人类影响数据；这些数据应包括更好地研究人类活动对海山生态系统的影响，以及监测影响(例如恢复)后海山组合的长期变化；3)全球数据储存库；迫切需要更全面的渔业渔获量和捕捞活动数据，特别是在公海，并汇编或维护作为区域和全球分析基础的地质和生物多样性数据库；4)在数据贫乏的环境中应用支助工具；养护和管理将不得不越来越依赖预测建模技术、作为动物群“替代物”的环境替代物的关键评估以及生态风险评估。
Seamounts shape the topography of all ocean basins and can be hotspots of biological activity in the deep sea. The Census of Marine Life on Seamounts (CenSeam) was a field program that examined seamounts as part of the global Census of Marine Life (CoML) initiative from 2005 to 2010. CenSeam progressed seamount science by collating historical data, collecting new data, undertaking regional and global analyses of seamount biodiversity, mapping species and habitat distributions, challenging established paradigms of seamount ecology, developing new hypotheses, and documenting the impacts of human activities on seamounts. However, because of the large number of seamounts globally, much about the structure, function and connectivity of seamount ecosystems remains unexplored and unknown. Continual, and potentially increasing, threats to seamount resources from fishing and seabed mining are creating a pressing demand for research to inform conservation and management strategies. To meet this need, intensive science effort in the following areas will be needed: 1) Improved physical and biological data; of particular importance is information on seamount location, physical characteristics (e.g. habitat heterogeneity and complexity), more complete and intensive biodiversity inventories, and increased understanding of seamount connectivity and faunal dispersal; 2) New human impact data; these shall encompass better studies on the effects of human activities on seamount ecosystems, as well as monitoring long-term changes in seamount assemblages following impacts (e.g. recovery); 3) Global data repositories; there is a pressing need for more comprehensive fisheries catch and effort data, especially on the high seas, and compilation or maintenance of geological and biodiversity databases that underpin regional and global analyses; 4) Application of support tools in a data-poor environment; conservation and management will have to increasingly rely on predictive modelling techniques, critical evaluation of environmental surrogates as faunal “proxies”, and ecological risk assessment.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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