The tracking of speech envelope in the human cortex.
The tracking of speech envelope in the human cortex.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0053398
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Schalk G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kubanek J;Brunner P;Gunduz A;Poeppel D;Schalk G
人类非常擅长处理语音。最近，已经表明语音中的慢时间信息（即，语音的包络）对于语音理解是至关重要的。此外，研究还发现，人类皮层的诱发电位与语音包络具有相关性。然而，目前尚不清楚这一基本语言特征是否在特定区域中进行了差异编码，或者它是否在整个听觉系统中得到了代表。为了回答这个问题，我们直接从大脑皮层记录了高时间分辨率的神经数据，同时人类受试者听了一个口语故事。我们发现人类听觉皮层中的伽马活动鲁棒地跟踪语音包络。这种效果是如此显著，以至于在向每个受试者单一呈现口语故事时就可以观察到。与参与语音处理的其他区域相比，位于听觉通路相对早期的区域（带状区域）的效果更强，包括上级颞回（STG）和后额下回（布罗卡区）。为了进一步区分语音包络是否在听觉系统中编码为语音（语音相关），或者作为更一般的声学特征，我们还用旋律刺激探测了听觉系统。我们发现，带区跟踪旋律包络弱，并作为唯一的区域考虑。总之，我们的数据提供了第一个直接的电生理证据表明，语音的包络线在非初级听觉皮层（特别是带状区域）中被稳健地跟踪，并表明所考虑的高阶区域（STG和Broca区域）参与了更抽象的语言分析。
Humans are highly adept at processing speech. Recently, it has been shown that slow temporal information in speech (i.e., the envelope of speech) is critical for speech comprehension. Furthermore, it has been found that evoked electric potentials in human cortex are correlated with the speech envelope. However, it has been unclear whether this essential linguistic feature is encoded differentially in specific regions, or whether it is represented throughout the auditory system. To answer this question, we recorded neural data with high temporal resolution directly from the cortex while human subjects listened to a spoken story. We found that the gamma activity in human auditory cortex robustly tracks the speech envelope. The effect is so marked that it is observed during a single presentation of the spoken story to each subject. The effect is stronger in regions situated relatively early in the auditory pathway (belt areas) compared to other regions involved in speech processing, including the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and the posterior inferior frontal gyrus (Broca's region). To further distinguish whether speech envelope is encoded in the auditory system as a phonological (speech-related), or instead as a more general acoustic feature, we also probed the auditory system with a melodic stimulus. We found that belt areas track melody envelope weakly, and as the only region considered. Together, our data provide the first direct electrophysiological evidence that the envelope of speech is robustly tracked in non-primary auditory cortex (belt areas in particular), and suggest that the considered higher-order regions (STG and Broca's region) partake in a more abstract linguistic analysis.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4
作者：
Kubánek J;Miller KJ;Ojemann JG;Wolpaw JR;Schalk G
通讯作者：
Schalk G
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Nir, Yuval;Fisch, Lior;Malach, Rafael
通讯作者：
Malach, Rafael
影响因子：
14.5
作者：
GESCHWIN.N
通讯作者：
GESCHWIN.N
影响因子：
14.5
作者：
GESCHWIN.N
通讯作者：
GESCHWIN.N
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Liebenthal, E;Binder, JR;Medler, DA
通讯作者：
Medler, DA