Dietary mineral supplies in Africa.
Dietary mineral supplies in Africa.
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DOI：
10.1111/ppl.12144
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发表时间：
2014-07
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Broadley MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Joy EJ;Ander EL;Young SD;Black CR;Watts MJ;Chilimba AD;Chilima B;Siyame EW;Kalimbira AA;Hurst R;Fairweather-Tait SJ;Stein AJ;Gibson RS;White PJ;Broadley MR
膳食微量营养素缺乏症(MND)很普遍，但其流行率可能很难评估。在这里，我们使用粮食供应和成分数据估计非洲七种矿物摄入量不足造成的MND风险，并考虑以粮食为基础的和农业干预的潜力。46个国家的粮食平衡表(FBSS)与粮食构成数据相结合，估计了钙(Ca)、铜(Cu)、铁(Fe)、碘(I)、镁(Mg)、硒(Se)和锌(Zn)以及植酸盐的人均供应量。缺乏风险使用估计平均需要量(EAR)“切入点”方法进行量化。钙的缺乏风险最高(占总人口的54%)，其次是锌(40%)、硒(28%)和碘(计入碘盐消费后的19%)。铜(1%)和镁(1%)缺乏的风险很低。非洲北部和西部的缺乏症风险普遍较低。在许多国家，多重MND风险很高。按人口加权平均植酸供应量为人均2770毫克−1天−1。缺铁风险低于预期(5%)。然而，铁的“切割点”方法对有关需求的假设很敏感；例如，在与高植酸盐、低动物蛋白饮食相一致的非常低的生物可利用性情景下，铁缺乏风险的估计为43%。施肥和育种策略可以极大地减少某些MND。例如，根据供应数据，满足HarvestPlus的锌育种目标将使膳食锌缺乏风险降低90%。可能需要饮食多样化或直接强化来解决缺钙风险。
Dietary micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs) are widespread, yet their prevalence can be difficult to assess. Here, we estimate MND risks due to inadequate intakes for seven minerals in Africa using food supply and composition data, and consider the potential of food-based and agricultural interventions. Food Balance Sheets (FBSs) for 46 countries were integrated with food composition data to estimate per capita supply of calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), iodine (I), magnesium (Mg), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn), and also phytate. Deficiency risks were quantified using an estimated average requirement (EAR) ‘cut-point’ approach. Deficiency risks are highest for Ca (54% of the population), followed by Zn (40%), Se (28%) and I (19%, after accounting for iodized salt consumption). The risk of Cu (1%) and Mg (<1%) deficiency are low. Deficiency risks are generally lower in the north and west of Africa. Multiple MND risks are high in many countries. The population-weighted mean phytate supply is 2770 mg capita−1 day−1. Deficiency risks for Fe are lower than expected (5%). However, ‘cut-point’ approaches for Fe are sensitive to assumptions regarding requirements; e.g. estimates of Fe deficiency risks are 43% under very low bioavailability scenarios consistent with high-phytate, low-animal protein diets. Fertilization and breeding strategies could greatly reduce certain MNDs. For example, meeting harvestplus breeding targets for Zn would reduce dietary Zn deficiency risk by 90% based on supply data. Dietary diversification or direct fortification is likely to be needed to address Ca deficiency risks.
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影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Abebe, Yewelsew;Bogale, Alemtsehay;Gibson, Rosalind S.
通讯作者：
Gibson, Rosalind S.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Archer E;Hand GA;Blair SN
通讯作者：
Blair SN
影响因子：
7.1
作者：
BOTHWELL, TH;JACOBS, P;TORRANCE, JD
通讯作者：
TORRANCE, JD
DOI：
10.1079/9781845937140.0312
发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
COMBATING MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES: FOOD-BASED APPROACHES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Alfthan, G.;Aspila, P.;Aro, A.
通讯作者：
Aro, A.
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Bohn, Lisbeth;Meyer, Anne S.;Rasmussen, Soren K.
通讯作者：
Rasmussen, Soren K.