Engineering highly efficient backsplicing and translation of synthetic circRNAs.

Engineering highly efficient backsplicing and translation of synthetic circRNAs.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.omtn.2021.01.003
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发表时间:
2021-03-05
期刊:
Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Asokan A
Asokan A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Meganck RM;Liu J;Hale AE;Simon KE;Fanous MM;Vincent HA;Wilusz JE;Moorman NJ;Marzluff WF;Asokan A

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环状RNA(circRNA)是高度稳定的RNA分子,其是用于表达治疗性蛋白质和非编码RNA的有吸引力的模板。在真核生物中,circRNA主要由剪接体通过反向剪接产生。在这里,我们询问不同的分子元件,包括内含子类型和长度,Alu重复序列,内部核糖体进入位点(IRES),以及circRNA形成所必需的外显子长度,并利用这些信息来设计强大的反向剪接和circRNA表达。具体而言,我们利用下游内含子可以耐受大插入而不影响剪接的发现,以实现来自相同模板的反向剪接的circRNA和tRNA内含子circRNA的串联表达。此外,所选内含子区域的截短显著增加体外不同细胞类型中的circRNA形成以及体内心脏和骨骼肌组织中AAV介导的circRNA表达。我们还观察到不同的IRES元件和外显子长度影响circRNA的表达和翻译,揭示了外显子对剪接的贡献,如产生的不同RNA种类所证明的。总之,这些数据为改善合成circRNA的设计和表达提供了新的见解。当与AAV衣壳和启动子技术结合时,构成该模块化平台的反向剪接内含子和IRES元件显著扩展了基因表达工具包。在这项研究中,Asokan及其同事询问了一系列分子元件,包括内含子,Alu重复序列和内部核糖体进入位点,并利用这些信息来设计强大的RNA反向剪接。该方法产生用于基因治疗应用的模块化环状RNA表达平台。
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are highly stable RNA molecules that are attractive templates for expression of therapeutic proteins and non-coding RNAs. In eukaryotes, circRNAs are primarily generated by the spliceosome through backsplicing. Here, we interrogate different molecular elements including intron type and length, Alu repeats, internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs), and exon length essential for circRNA formation and exploit this information to engineer robust backsplicing and circRNA expression. Specifically, we leverage the finding that the downstream intron can tolerate large inserts without affecting splicing to achieve tandem expression of backspliced circRNAs and tRNA intronic circRNAs from the same template. Further, truncation of selected intronic regions markedly increased circRNA formation in different cell types in vitro as well as AAV-mediated circRNA expression in cardiac and skeletal muscle tissue in vivo. We also observed that different IRES elements and exon length influenced circRNA expression and translation, revealing an exonic contribution to splicing, as evidenced by different RNA species produced. Taken together, these data provide new insight into improving the design and expression of synthetic circRNAs. When combined with AAV capsid and promoter technologies, the backsplicing introns and IRES elements constituting this modular platform significantly expand the gene expression toolkit. In this study, Asokan and colleagues interrogate a battery of molecular elements including introns, Alu repeats, and internal ribosome entry sites and exploit this information to engineer robust RNA backsplicing. The approach yields a modular circular RNA expression platform for gene therapy applications.
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