A core component of psychological therapy causes adaptive changes in computational learning mechanisms.
A core component of psychological therapy causes adaptive changes in computational learning mechanisms.
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心理治疗的核心组成部分会引起计算学习机制的适应性变化。
DOI：
10.1017/s0033291723001587
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Dercon Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dercon Q
研究背景认知距离是一种情绪调节策略，常用于心理治疗，但其治疗机制尚不清楚。一半（49.1%）的样本被随机分配到认知自我距离干预，并接受训练，以调节或“后退一步”，从他们的情绪反应反馈整个。建立计算（Q-学习）模型，然后适合个人的选择，以获得强化学习参数捕捉清晰度的选择值（逆温度）和他们的灵敏度，积极和消极的反馈（学习率）。结果认知距离提高任务性能，包括当参与者后来测试的新组合的符号没有反馈。计算模型衍生参数的组差异显示，认知距离导致选项值的更清晰的表示（估计0.17更高的逆温度）。与此同时，疏远导致对负面反馈的敏感性增加（估计损失学习率高出19%）。探索性分析表明，这是远程参与者策略不断变化的结果：最初，选择更多地取决于符号之间的期望值差异，但随着任务的进展，他们对负面反馈变得更加敏感，在训练结束时，差异的证据最强。结论对计算的适应性影响，是从奖励和损失中学习的基础，这可能解释了认知距离随着时间的推移和实践，认知距离可以通过促进更有效地参与负面信息来改善心理健康障碍的症状。
BackgroundCognitive distancing is an emotion regulation strategy commonly used in psychological treatment of various mental health disorders, but its therapeutic mechanisms are unknown.Methods935 participants completed an online reinforcement learning task involving choices between pairs of symbols with differing reward contingencies. Half (49.1%) of the sample was randomised to a cognitive self-distancing intervention and were trained to regulate or ‘take a step back’ from their emotional response to feedback throughout. Established computational (Q-learning) models were then fit to individuals' choices to derive reinforcement learning parameters capturing clarity of choice values (inverse temperature) and their sensitivity to positive and negative feedback (learning rates).ResultsCognitive distancing improved task performance, including when participants were later tested on novel combinations of symbols without feedback. Group differences in computational model-derived parameters revealed that cognitive distancing resulted in clearer representations of option values (estimated 0.17 higher inverse temperatures). Simultaneously, distancing caused increased sensitivity to negative feedback (estimated 19% higher loss learning rates). Exploratory analyses suggested this resulted from an evolving shift in strategy by distanced participants: initially, choices were more determined by expected value differences between symbols, but as the task progressed, they became more sensitive to negative feedback, with evidence for a difference strongest by the end of training.ConclusionsAdaptive effects on the computations that underlie learning from reward and loss may explain the therapeutic benefits of cognitive distancing. Over time and with practice, cognitive distancing may improve symptoms of mental health disorders by promoting more effective engagement with negative information.
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影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Neacsiu, Andrada D.;Eberle, Jeremy W.;Linehan, Marsha M.
通讯作者：
Linehan, Marsha M.
常见的精神障碍。
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Risal
通讯作者：
A. Risal
情绪调节和 CBT
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
A. Papa;Matthew Boland;M. T. Sewell
通讯作者：
M. T. Sewell
使用 hBayesDM 软件包揭示强化学习和决策的神经计算机制。
DOI：
10.1162/cpsy_a_00002
发表时间：
2017-10
期刊：
Computational psychiatry (Cambridge, Mass.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ahn WY;Haines N;Zhang L
通讯作者：
Zhang L
DOI：
10.31234/osf.io/rynhk
发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Zorowitz;Y. Niv;Daniel Bennett
通讯作者：
S. Zorowitz;Y. Niv;Daniel Bennett