The role of nutrition in children's neurocognitive development, from pregnancy through childhood.
The role of nutrition in children's neurocognitive development, from pregnancy through childhood.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2013.00097
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Oddy WH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nyaradi A;Li J;Hickling S;Foster J;Oddy WH
本文综述了营养摄入（包括微量营养素和全膳食）和儿童神经认知发育之间可能存在联系的现有证据。早期的研究调查了营养与认知发展之间的关系，重点关注单个微量营养素，包括omega-3脂肪酸，维生素B12，叶酸，胆碱，铁，碘和锌，以及饮食的单一方面。来自观察性研究的研究证据表明，微量营养素可能在儿童的认知发展中发挥重要作用。然而，使用单一微量营养素的干预试验的结果是不确定的。更普遍的是，有证据表明营养不良会损害认知发育，而母乳喂养似乎对认知有益。吃早餐对认知也有好处。相比之下，目前还没有关于肥胖和认知之间联系的结论性证据。由于个人消费食物的组合，最近研究人员对饮食的认知影响感兴趣，作为一种综合措施。到目前为止，只有少数研究调查了饮食模式和认知发展之间的关系。在未来的研究中，需要更多设计良好的干预试验，特别考虑营养素的相互作用。
This review examines the current evidence for a possible connection between nutritional intake (including micronutrients and whole diet) and neurocognitive development in childhood. Earlier studies which have investigated the association between nutrition and cognitive development have focused on individual micronutrients, including omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin B12, folic acid, choline, iron, iodine, and zinc, and single aspects of diet. The research evidence from observational studies suggests that micronutrients may play an important role in the cognitive development of children. However, the results of intervention trials utilizing single micronutrients are inconclusive. More generally, there is evidence that malnutrition can impair cognitive development, whilst breastfeeding appears to be beneficial for cognition. Eating breakfast is also beneficial for cognition. In contrast, there is currently inconclusive evidence regarding the association between obesity and cognition. Since individuals consume combinations of foods, more recently researchers have become interested in the cognitive impact of diet as a composite measure. Only a few studies to date have investigated the associations between dietary patterns and cognitive development. In future research, more well designed intervention trials are needed, with special consideration given to the interactive effects of nutrients.
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