Transcriptional repression in stochastic gene expression, patterning, and cell fate specification.

Transcriptional repression in stochastic gene expression, patterning, and cell fate specification.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.10.002
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发表时间:
2022-01
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Johnston RJ Jr
Johnston RJ Jr
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Voortman L;Johnston RJ Jr

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发育通常由信号和谱系特异性线索驱动,产生高度一致和可重复的结果。发育还涉及在基因表达中产生噪音和在组织中产生随机模式的机制。细胞有时会在两种或多种细胞命运之间随机选择,这种机制称为随机细胞命运规范。这个过程使原本同质的组织中的细胞类型多样化。随机机制在原核生物中已被广泛研究,其中噪声基因激活在控制细胞命运中起着关键作用。在真核生物中,转录抑制随机限制基因表达产生随机模式和指定细胞命运。在这里,我们回顾了我们目前对抑制机制的理解,这些机制在苍蝇、植物、小鼠和人类中产生随机的基因表达模式和细胞命运。
Development is often driven by signaling and lineage-specific cues, yielding highly uniform and reproducible outcomes. Development also involves mechanisms that generate noise in gene expression and random patterns across tissues. Cells sometimes randomly choose between two or more cell fates in a mechanism called stochastic cell fate specification. This process diversifies cell types in otherwise homogenous tissues. Stochastic mechanisms have been extensively studied in prokaryotes where noisy gene activation plays a pivotal role in controlling cell fates. In eukaryotes, transcriptional repression stochastically limits gene expression to generate random patterns and specify cell fates. Here, we review our current understanding of repressive mechanisms that produce random patterns of gene expression and cell fates in flies, plants, mice, and humans.
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