Health or harm? A cohort study of the importance of job quality in extended workforce participation by older adults.
Health or harm? A cohort study of the importance of job quality in extended workforce participation by older adults.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-016-3478-y
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发表时间：
2016-08-25
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Butterworth P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Welsh J;Strazdins L;Charlesworth S;Kulik CT;Butterworth P
随着人们寿命的延长，他们被鼓励工作更长的时间。虽然人们认为延长就业对健康有益，但证据好坏参半。本研究考虑了就业和工作质量是否对老年工人健康状况的四个指标产生影响。这项研究的数据来自836名年龄在50-59岁之间的老年工人（440名男性和396名女性），他们参加了澳大利亚家庭、收入和劳动力动态调查（HILDA）。使用线性回归，我们研究了在9年的随访期内，在两个时间点的自我评价，身心健康和一种健康行为（体力活动）的人内变化。与自愿退休的老年人相比，继续工作的老年人的健康变化方式差异很小。然而，当我们根据工作质量分解就业时，健康结果出现了分歧。与自愿退休人员相比，从事高质量工作的老年工人报告的自评健康状况略好（0.14，-0.02-0.29）;但在身体健康（2.31，-1.09-5.72）或心理健康（0.51，-1.84-2.87）方面没有差异。相比之下，与自愿退休人员相比，在大多数随访期间从事低质量工作的老年工人的自我评价（-1.13，-0.28--0.02），身体健康（-4.90，8.52--1.29）和心理健康（-4.67，7.69--1.66）下降。在随访期内从事低质量工作的老年工人在健康方面与自愿退休人员没有区别。然而，有证据表明，从事低质量工作的时间长短与健康状况下降之间存在线性关系。延长的工作寿命意味着人们将更长时间地“接触”工作，这种接触将发生在许多人健康状况下降的生命阶段。我们的研究结果表明，如果要实现提高参与率和生产力以及降低老年人医疗和护理成本的政策目标，确保老年工人获得安全的工作，从而控制工作时间，技能使用和公平的奖励将是至关重要的。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12889-016-3478-y）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
As people are living longer, they are being encouraged to work longer. While it is assumed that extended employment will be good for health, the evidence has been mixed. This study considers whether employment and job quality exert an influence on four indicators of health status in older workers. Data for this study came from 836 older workers (440 men and 396 women) aged 50–59 years at baseline who participated in the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey. Using linear regression, we examine within-person change in self-rated, physical and mental health and one health behaviour (physical activity) at two time points over a nine year follow-up period. There were minimal differences in the way health changed for older adults who continued working compared to those who retired voluntarily. However, when we decomposed employment in terms of job quality, health outcomes diverged. Compared to voluntary retirees, older workers who had worked in good quality jobs reported marginally better self-rated health (0.14,−0.02–0.29); but did not differ in their physical (2.31,−1.09–5.72) or mental health (0.51,−1.84–2.87). In contrast, older workers who held poor quality jobs for most of the follow-up period declined in their self-rated (−1.13,−0.28 − –0.02), physical (−4.90, 8.52– − 1.29) and mental health (−4.67, 7.69– − 1.66) relative to voluntary retirees. Older workers who held poor quality jobs for just some of the follow-up period did not differ from voluntary retirees in terms of their health. However there was evidence of a linear relationship between length of exposure to poor quality jobs and decline in health outcomes. Extended working lives mean that people will be ‘exposed’ to work for longer, and this exposure will occur at a life stage characterised by declining health for many. Our findings show that ensuring older workers have access to secure jobs which allow for control over work time, skill use and fair rewards will be essential if policy goals to boost participation and productivity, as well as reduce the health and care costs of the elderly, are to be met. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3478-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
2
作者：
Atalay, Kadir;Barrett, Garry F.
通讯作者：
Barrett, Garry F.
影响因子：
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作者：
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