Body size is associated with yearling breeding and extra-pair mating in the Island Scrub-Jay

Body size is associated with yearling breeding and extra-pair mating in the Island Scrub-Jay
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岛屿灌丛松鸦的体型大小与一岁繁殖和配对外交配有关

DOI:
10.1093/ornithology/ukab045
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
2.3
通讯作者:
Desrosiers, M. A.
Desrosiers, M. A.
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Desrosiers, M. A.

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在许多动物物种中,大的体型是个体适应性的重要决定因素,特别是在栖息地饱和的岛屿系统中,可能会导致强烈的种内竞争配偶和繁殖领土。在这里,我们表明,大的身体大小与利益,一岁的繁殖和额外的对交配的岛屿灌丛周杰伦(Aphelocoma insularis),特有的圣克鲁斯岛,加州。这个物种比它的大陆同类大20%,与岛屿综合征一致,表明身体大小可能是一个选择下的性状。从2009年到2013年,我们量化了一个显着的人口岛灌丛,松鸦的繁殖成功,跟踪一岁鸽获得繁殖领土和繁殖,并测量发生的额外对父子关系。健身的两个潜在因素与体型正相关。较大的一岁男性更容易繁殖,可能是由于更大的行为优势,在侵略性的遭遇。体型较大的雄性也不太可能失去对额外配对雄性的亲子关系,而且,有传闻说,额外配对的雄性比戴绿帽子的社会雄性更大。这项研究提供的证据表明,较大的男性可能有一个健身优势比较小的男性更早繁殖,避免父系损失,但估计一生的生殖成功最终需要岛灌丛,松鸦和其他长寿的物种。
Large body size is an important determinant of individual fitness in many animal species, especially in island systems where habitat saturation may result in strong intraspecific competition for mates and breeding territories. Here we show that large body size is associated with benefits to yearling breeding and extra-pair mating in the Island Scrub-Jay (Aphelocoma insularis), endemic to Santa Cruz Island, California. This species is ~20% larger than its mainland congener, consistent with the island syndrome, indicating that body size may be a trait under selection. From 2009 to 2013, we quantified the reproductive success of a marked population of Island Scrub-Jays, tracked which yearlings acquired a breeding territory and bred, and measured the occurrence of extra-pair paternity. Two potential contributors to fitness were positively related to body size. Larger yearling males were more likely to breed, possibly due to greater behavioral dominance during aggressive encounters. Larger males were also less likely to lose paternity to extra-pair males and, anecdotally, extra-pair males were larger than the social male cuckolded. This study provides evidence that larger males may have a fitness advantage over smaller males by breeding earlier and avoiding paternity loss, but estimates of lifetime reproductive success are ultimately needed for Island Scrub-Jays and other long-lived species.
DOI: 10.1515/9781400837557
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