Effects of Clonal Reproduction on Evolutionary Lag and Evolutionary Rescue
Effects of Clonal Reproduction on Evolutionary Lag and Evolutionary Rescue
复制标题
克隆繁殖对进化滞后和进化救援的影响
作者：
M. E. Orive;M. Barfield;Carlos Fernández;R. Holt
进化滞后--当前环境中平均和最佳表型之间的差异--在快速的环境变化中引起了人们的极大兴趣。许多生态上重要的生物有生命史，包括阶段结构和有性繁殖和克隆繁殖，但阶段结构和克隆性如何相互作用，以管理人口的进化速度和进化滞后是未知的。克隆繁殖对平均表型分配的影响分为两部分：一部分是表型依赖的，另一部分是基因型依赖的。这种分配是由非加性的遗传和随机环境之间的关联的克隆后代和他们的父母的表型成分。虽然克隆性减缓了表型向最佳进化，但它可以在最佳表型突然阶跃变化后显着增加种群存活率。增加成人生存减缓表型进化，但有利于人口生存后的一步变化，这种积极的影响，但是，失去了生存繁殖力权衡。模拟结果表明，在环境变化下增加克隆性的好处在很大程度上取决于这种变化的性质：增加人口的持久性下的阶跃变化，而减少人口持久性下的连续线性变化需要从头变化。因此，克隆性对物种在不断变化的世界中持续存在的可能性的影响与它们所经历的变化的时间结构有着不可分割的联系。
Evolutionary lag—the difference between mean and optimal phenotype in the current environment—is of keen interest in light of rapid environmental change. Many ecologically important organisms have life histories that include stage structure and both sexual and clonal reproduction, yet how stage structure and clonality interplay to govern a population’s rate of evolution and evolutionary lag is unknown. Effects of clonal reproduction on mean phenotype partition into two portions: one that is phenotype dependent, and another that is genotype dependent. This partitioning is governed by the association between the nonadditive genetic plus random environmental component of phenotype of clonal offspring and their parents. While clonality slows phenotypic evolution toward an optimum, it can dramatically increase population survival after a sudden step change in optimal phenotype. Increased adult survival slows phenotypic evolution but facilitates population survival after a step change; this positive effect can, however, be lost given survival-fecundity trade-offs. Simulations indicate that the benefits of increased clonality under environmental change greatly depend on the nature of that change: increasing population persistence under a step change while decreasing population persistence under a continuous linear change requiring de novo variation. The impact of clonality on the probability of persistence for species in a changing world is thus inexorably linked to the temporal texture of the change they experience.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Sarah P. Otto;M. E. Orive
通讯作者：
Sarah P. Otto;M. E. Orive