School tuck shops in South Africa—an ethical appraisal
School tuck shops in South Africa—an ethical appraisal
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南非的学校食品店——道德评估
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. de Villiers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Nortjé;M. Faber;A. de Villiers
可以假定，学校有道德责任保护儿童免受不健康的食品环境的影响。在南非儿童普遍存在发育迟缓、超重和微量营养素缺乏的背景下，本范围研究的目的是在道德框架内审查出售给学童的食品的现有信息。虽然有些学校有一个正式的小吃店，但在其他学校，食品摊贩在学校内外出售食品。10项研究符合本研究的选择标准，其中两项是国家研究。现有数据显示，大多数不健康的食品选择都出售给南非的学童;低营养能量密集的食品（如薯片、糖果）和含糖饮料最受欢迎。《综合学校卫生政策》为在南非建立健康的学校食品环境提供了一个政策框架，南非有几项指导方针可帮助学校小卖部出售更健康的食品。然而，儿童对不健康食品的偏好、更健康食品选择的成本以及缺乏适当的设施可能是实施健康小吃店的障碍。因此，可能需要采取比仅仅提供准则更有力的行动。认知需要采取冲突的价值观为基础的论点在伦理的角度。鉴于这些冲突，作者认为，责任伦理有助于辩论最好的，并支持这样一种观念，即整个社会有责任保护弱势群体，其中包括学童。目前，在权利和责任方面存在道德真空，本研究希望解决这一问题。
It can be postulated that schools have an ethical responsibility to protect children from an unhealthy food environment. Against the backdrop of stunting, overweight and micronutrient deficiencies prevalent in South African children, the aim of this scoping study is to review information available on foods sold to school children within an ethical framework. While some schools have a formal tuck shop, at other schools, food vendors sell food either on or outside the school premises. Ten studies, of which two were national, fit the selection criteria for this study. Available data show that mostly unhealthy food options are sold to South African school children; with low-nutrient energy-dense foods (e.g. chips, sweets) and sugar sweetened beverages being the most popular. The Integrated School Health Policy provide a policy framework for achieving healthy school food environments in South Africa, and several guidelines are available in South African to assist school tuck shops to sell healthier options. Children’s preference for unhealthy foods, the cost of healthier food options and a lack of proper facilities may however be barriers for implementing healthy tuck shops. An action stronger than merely providing guidelines may therefore be needed. Cognisance needs to be taken of conflicting value based arguments within ethical perspectives. Given these conflicts, the authors argue that an Ethics of Responsibility contributes to the debate of the best and supports the notion that society at large has a responsibility to protect vulnerable communities of which school children are part. Presently an ethical vacuum exists in terms of rights and responsibilities which this study hopes to address.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-0009.2009.00548.x
发表时间：
2009-03
期刊：
The Milbank quarterly
影响因子：
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作者：
Story M;Nanney MS;Schwartz MB
通讯作者：
Schwartz MB