The potential for solar-diesel hybrid mini-grids in refugee camps: A case study of Nyabiheke camp, Rwanda

The potential for solar-diesel hybrid mini-grids in refugee camps: A case study of Nyabiheke camp, Rwanda
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难民营太阳能-柴油混合微型电网的潜力:以卢旺达 Nyabiheke 难民营为例

DOI:
10.1016/j.seta.2021.101095
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Baranda Alonso J
Baranda Alonso J
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Baranda Alonso J

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难民营的电力供应往往仅限于人道主义机构的关键业务,通常由柴油发电机供电。我们研究了优化的完全可再生和柴油混合动力微型电网设计可以通过取代柴油的使用在人道主义环境中提供的经济和环境效益。考虑到卢旺达Nyabiheke营地的案例研究,我们发现这些好处是巨大的,总成本和排放量分别减少了32%和83%,成本回收期从0.9年到6.2年不等。尽管它们的成本结构不同,但我们发现,与现有的柴油系统相比,所有级别的混合动力系统都可以节省成本和排放,混合动力系统能够比完全可再生系统更有效地抵消排放。我们强调了建模工具如何促进系统的引入和逐步扩展,与一次性安装相比,提高资产利用率并降低寿命成本,并可以为实地的运营考虑提供信息。当连接需求与太阳能发电配置文件相匹配的生产用户时,这些好处会得到加强。可以同时满足多种能源需求和目标,但财政资源、环境因素和业务时限将根据具体情况影响为人道主义行为体设计最适当的系统。
Electricity access in refugee camps is often limited to critical operations for humanitarian agencies and typically powered by diesel generators. We study the economic and environmental benefits that optimised fully renewable and diesel-hybrid mini-grid designs can provide in humanitarian settings by displacing diesel use. Considering the case study of Nyabiheke camp in Rwanda we found that these benefits are substantial, with total cost and emissions reductions of up to 32% and 83% respectively, and cost payback times ranging from 0.9 to 6.2 years. Despite their different cost structures, we find that all levels of hybridisation provide cost and emission savings compared to the incumbent diesel system, with hybrid systems being able to offset emissions more cost-effectively than fully renewable systems. We highlight how modelling tools can facilitate the introduction and progressive expansion of systems, improving asset utilisation and reducing lifetime costs compared to one-off installations, and can inform operational considerations on the ground. These benefits are enhanced when connecting productive users for whom demand matches the solar generation profile. Multiple energy needs and objectives can be met simultaneously but financial resources, environmental considerations and operational timeframes will influence the most appropriate system design for humanitarian actors on a case-by-case basis.
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