Energy use by migrants and residents in North American breeding bird communities
Energy use by migrants and residents in North American breeding bird communities
复制标题
北美种鸟社区移民和居民的能源使用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Trevor S. Fristoe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Trevor S. Fristoe
目的
每年约有50亿只鸟类迁徙到北美各地，在繁殖期间利用高纬度地区的季节性资源豆类，其中包括70多万吨生物量。尽管如此令人印象深刻的规模，很少有人知道这些移民在温带生态系统的繁殖地的代谢作用。我估计的能源使用的短期和长期的移民雀，以及居民在2000多个繁殖鸟类社区覆盖北美的地理范围。我的目的是描述每个迁徙群体的能源使用的地理模式，并检验资源可用性的季节性模式结构温带繁殖鸟类群落的假设。
位置
北美洲从北纬25度到69度。
方法
我估计的能源使用的移民和居民雀使用丰富的数据从北美繁殖鸟类调查和缩放关系的字段代谢率作为身体大小的函数。线性回归被用来测试之间的关系，每个迁移组和纬度，以及在不同的季节环境生产力的间接措施的能源使用。
结果
所有群体的能源使用都与纬度有很强的关系，除了长途移民，这在地理上是惊人的不变。在冬季生产力低和季节性强的环境中，移民的能源使用量最高，而居民的能源使用量最高，年度生产力最高。
主要结论
候鸟雀形目对温带繁殖鸟类群落有重要贡献，特别是在高纬度地区。在50° N以北的栖息地，它们占消费量的78%，而在35° N以南的亚热带地区，它们占1.7%。在移徙者消费最多的生境中，短途移徙者对社区能源使用特别重要。随着气候变化改变资源可用性的季节性周期，未来繁殖鸟类群落组成可能发生变化。
Aim
Of the order of 5 billion birds comprising more than 700,000 tonnes of biomass migrate across North America every year to exploit seasonal resource pulses at high latitudes during breeding. Despite this impressive scale, little is known about the metabolic role of these migrants in their breeding grounds across temperate ecosystems. I estimate the energy use of short- and long-distance migrant passerines as well as residents in over 2000 breeding bird communities covering the geographic scope of North America. My aim was to characterize the geographic patterns of energy use by each migratory group and test the hypothesis that seasonal patterns of resource availability structure temperate breeding bird communities.
Location
North America from 25 to 69° N.
Methods
I estimated the energy use of migrant and resident passerines using abundance data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey and scaling relationships for field metabolic rate as a function of body size. Linear regression was used to test the relationship between energy use by each migratory group and latitude as well as indirect measures of environmental productivity during different seasons.
Results
Energy use by all groups showed a strong relationship with latitude except for long-distance migrants, which were surprisingly invariant across geography. Energy use by migrants was highest in environments with low winter productivity and high seasonality, while resident energy use was highest where annual productivity was the highest.
Main conclusions
Migrant passerines contribute significantly to temperate breeding bird communities, especially in high latitudes. They account for 78% of consumption in habitats north of 50° N compared with 1.7% in the subtropics south of 35° N. Short-distance migrants are especially important to community energy use in the habitats where migrants consume the most. Future shifts in breeding bird community composition are likely to occur as climate change alters seasonal cycles of resource availability.
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Brown JH
通讯作者：
Brown JH