Towards a framework for the quantitative assessment of trawling impact on the seabed and benthic ecosystem
Towards a framework for the quantitative assessment of trawling impact on the seabed and benthic ecosystem
复制标题
建立拖网捕捞对海底和海底生态系统影响的定量评估框架
DOI：
10.1093/icesjms/fsv207
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
M. Zengin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Rijnsdorp;Francois Bastardie;S. Bolam;L. Buhl‐Mortensen;O. R. Eigaard;K. Hamon;J. Hiddink;N. Hintzen;A. Ivanović;A. Kenny;P. Laffargue;J. Nielsen;F. O’Neill;G. Piet;H. Polet;A. Sala;Christopher J. Smith;P. D. Denderen;T. Kooten;M. Zengin
提出了一个评估流动渔具对海底和海底生态系统影响的框架。可在区域和地方范围内使用的框架为拖网捕捞压力和生态影响提供了指标。它建立在拖网捕捞强度的高分辨率地图的基础上，并考虑了拖网渔具对海底、海洋类群和海底生态系统功能的物理影响。在该框架内，采用了简化论方法，将渔具分解为其组成部分，并选择了若干生物学特征，以确定底栖动物对该渔具组成部分的影响的脆弱性，或提供其生态作用的指标。该方法考虑了渔具元件，如水手板、双拖网网束和接地拖网，并考虑了将鱼群聚集在一起的扫帚。这些元素对海床的物理影响，包括对海床的刮擦、泥沙动员和渗透，是单个组件的质量、大小和速度的函数。这些元素对底栖生物群落的影响采用生物特征方法进行量化，该方法考虑了底栖生物群落对拖网拖网影响的脆弱性(例如沉积物位置、形态)、恢复速度(例如寿命、成熟年龄、繁殖特征、扩散)及其生态作用。对该框架进行了探索，以比较北海三种主要海底生境类型的底拖网捕捞的压力和生态影响指标。初步结果表明，由于密集捕捞和大量长寿类群的综合作用，潮下泥(EUNIS A5.3)受到的影响最大。
A framework to assess the impact of mobile fishing gear on the seabed and benthic ecosystem is presented. The framework that can be used at regional and local scales provides indicators for both trawling pressure and ecological impact. It builds on high-resolution maps of trawling intensity and considers the physical effects of trawl gears on the seabed, on marine taxa, and on the functioning of the benthic ecosystem. Within the framework, a reductionist approach is applied that breaks down a fishing gear into its components, and a number of biological traits are chosen to determine either the vulnerability of the benthos to the impact of that gear component, or to provide a proxy for their ecological role. The approach considers gear elements, such as otter boards, twin trawl clump, and groundrope, and sweeps that herd the fish. The physical impact of these elements on the seabed, comprising scraping of the seabed, sediment mobilization, and penetration, is a function of the mass, size, and speed of the individual component. The impact of the elements on the benthic community is quantified using a biological-trait approach that considers the vulnerability of the benthic community to trawl impact (e.g. sediment position, morphology), the recovery rate (e.g. longevity, maturation age, reproductive characteristics, dispersal), and their ecological role. The framework is explored to compare the indicators for pressure and ecological impact of bottom trawling in three main seabed habitat types in the North Sea. Preliminary results show that the Sublittoral mud (EUNIS A5.3) is affected the most due to the combined effect of intensive fishing and large proportions of long-lived taxa.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0485.2010.00359.x
发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Buhl-Mortensen, Lene;Vanreusel, Ann;Raes, Maarten
通讯作者：
Raes, Maarten