Early anteroposterior regionalisation of human neural crest is shaped by a pro-mesodermal factor

Early anteroposterior regionalisation of human neural crest is shaped by a pro-mesodermal factor
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人类神经嵴的早期前后区域化是由前中胚层因子塑造的

DOI:
10.1101/2021.09.24.461516
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
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影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Gogolou A
Gogolou A
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作者:
Gogolou A

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神经脊(NC)是一种重要的多能胚胎细胞群,其受损的特性导致各种发育缺陷,通常是以前后轴水平特异性的方式。人类NC细胞正确的AP区域化背后的机制仍然难以捉摸。最近的研究表明,躯干NC细胞被认为是儿童肿瘤神经母细胞瘤的前体细胞,来自于具有神经中胚层潜能的颅后体祖细胞。在这里,我们使用人类胚胎干细胞分化来定义神经中胚层祖细胞(NMP)来源的NC细胞是如何获得后轴身份的。我们发现,前中胚层转录因子TBXT与WNT信号效应器一起介导了NC/脊髓后部的早期区域化。这是由TBXT驱动的染色质重塑,通过与HOX基因簇和其他后部调节相关基因座内的关键增强子结合来实现的。这一最初的后部化事件之后是第二阶段的躯干HOX基因控制,标志着NMP向其TBXT阴性的NC/脊髓衍生品分化,并主要依赖于成纤维细胞生长因子信号。我们的工作揭示了TBXT在影响后路NC命运中以前未知的作用,并指出存在时间上离散的、依赖于细胞类型的后路轴向同一性控制模式。
The neural crest (NC) is an important multipotent embryonic cell population and its impaired specification leads to various developmental defects, often in an anteroposterior (AP) axial level-specific manner. The mechanisms underlying the correct AP regionalisation of human NC cells remain elusive. Recent studies have indicated that trunk NC cells, the presumed precursors of childhood tumour neuroblastoma, are derived from neuromesodermal-potent progenitors of the postcranial body. Here we employ human embryonic stem cell differentiation to define how neuromesodermal progenitor (NMP)-derived NC cells acquire a posterior axial identity. We show that TBXT, a pro-mesodermal transcription factor, mediates early posterior NC/spinal cord regionalisation together with WNT signalling effectors. This occurs by TBXT-driven chromatin remodelling via its binding in key enhancers within HOX gene clusters and other posterior regulator-associated loci. This initial posteriorisation event is succeeded by a second phase of trunk HOX gene control that marks the differentiation of NMPs toward their TBXT-negative NC/spinal cord derivatives and relies predominantly on FGF signalling. Our work reveals a previously unknown role of TBXT in influencing posterior NC fate and points to the existence of temporally discrete, cell type-dependent modes of posterior axial identity control.
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