Cross-Disciplinary Genomics Approaches to Studying Emerging Fungal Infections.
Cross-Disciplinary Genomics Approaches to Studying Emerging Fungal Infections.
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跨学科基因组学方法研究新兴真菌感染。
DOI：
10.3390/life10120315
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发表时间：
2020-11-28
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rhodes JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ghosh PN;Brookes LM;Edwards HM;Fisher MC;Jervis P;Kappel D;Sewell TR;Shelton JMG;Skelly E;Rhodes JL
新出现的真菌病原体对食品供应系统、野生生态系统和人类健康构成严重的、全球性的、日益严重的威胁。然而，他们的研究历史上长期投资不足，导致对他们相对于细菌和病毒病原体的流行病学了解有限。因此，基因组学和更广泛的组学方法的非靶向性在解决这些病原体构成的威胁和阐明这些病原体的生物学方面特别有吸引力。通常，对植物、人类和野生动物真菌的研究在很大程度上是分开的，学科之间的对话有限。然而，当今世界面临的许多严重的真菌病具有与宿主物种无关的共同特征，例如塑料基因组、广泛的宿主范围、庞大的种群规模以及在宿主之外持续存在的能力。这些共性意味着，组学方法在一个领域得到了卓有成效的应用，并可能在其他领域提供重要的见解，而这些方法在历史上可能没有得到充分利用。在这篇综述中，我们考虑了基因组学方法在植物病理学、人类医学和野生动物健康领域所取得的进展，以及在将基因组与其他组学数据类型和集合相联系方面所取得的进展；我们确定了当前链接组学方法的障碍以及这些方法在每个领域是如何未得到充分利用的；我们还考虑了在不久的将来如何以及哪些组学方法的能力建设是最关键的。
Emerging fungal pathogens pose a serious, global and growing threat to food supply systems, wild ecosystems, and human health. However, historic chronic underinvestment in their research has resulted in a limited understanding of their epidemiology relative to bacterial and viral pathogens. Therefore, the untargeted nature of genomics and, more widely, -omics approaches is particularly attractive in addressing the threats posed by and illuminating the biology of these pathogens. Typically, research into plant, human and wildlife mycoses have been largely separated, with limited dialogue between disciplines. However, many serious mycoses facing the world today have common traits irrespective of host species, such as plastic genomes; wide host ranges; large population sizes and an ability to persist outside the host. These commonalities mean that -omics approaches that have been productively applied in one sphere and may also provide important insights in others, where these approaches may have historically been underutilised. In this review, we consider the advances made with genomics approaches in the fields of plant pathology, human medicine and wildlife health and the progress made in linking genomes to other -omics datatypes and sets; we identify the current barriers to linking -omics approaches and how these are being underutilised in each field; and we consider how and which -omics methodologies it is most crucial to build capacity for in the near future.
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