Hosting Industry Centralization and Consolidation
Hosting Industry Centralization and Consolidation
复制标题
托管行业集中化和整合
DOI：
10.1109/noms54207.2022.9789881
复制
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Jonker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Moura;Raffaele Sommese;M. Jonker
人们越来越担心互联网基础设施的集中和集中化。在这项工作中，我们通过使用主动测量来审查互联网上的托管行业，涵盖19个顶级域名（TLD）。我们展示了市场是如何高度集中的：1/3的域名由仅5家托管服务提供商托管，所有这些公司都位于美国。然而，对于国家代码顶级域名（ccTLD），托管主要由当地的国家托管提供商完成，而不是由大型美国云和内容提供商完成。我们展示了共享的语言（和边界）如何塑造托管市场-德国托管公司在奥地利和瑞士市场有着显著的存在，因为它们都将德语作为官方语言。虽然托管集中度在过去四年中相对较高且稳定，但我们看到美国托管公司一直在不断增加其在与高流量相关的市场中的存在，特别是在国家代码顶级域中的热门域名-除了俄罗斯。
There have been growing concerns about the concentration and centralization of Internet infrastructure. In this work, we scrutinize the hosting industry on the Internet by using active measurements, covering 19 Top-Level Domains (TLDs). We show how the market is heavily concentrated: 1/3 of the domains are hosted by only 5 hosting providers, all US-based companies. For the country-code TLDs (ccTLDs), however, hosting is primarily done by local, national hosting providers and not by the large American cloud and content providers. We show how shared languages (and borders) shape the hosting market — German hosting companies have a notable presence in Austrian and Swiss markets, given they all share German as official language. While hosting concentration has been relatively high and stable over the past four years, we see that American hosting companies have been continuously increasing their presence in the market related to high traffic, popular domains within ccTLDs — except for Russia, notably.
分析现代 Web 服务中的第三方服务依赖性：我们从 Mirai-Dyn 事件中吸取了教训吗？
DOI：
10.1145/3419394.3423664
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Internet Measurement Conference (IMC
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kashaf, Aqsa;Sekar, Vyas;Agarwal, Yuvraj
通讯作者：
Agarwal, Yuvraj