Elementary Computational Thinking Instruction and Assessment: A Learning Trajectory Perspective

Elementary Computational Thinking Instruction and Assessment: A Learning Trajectory Perspective
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初级计算思维教学和评估:学习轨迹视角

DOI:
10.1145/3494579
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Gane, Brian
Gane, Brian
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Luo, Feiya;Israel, Maya;Gane, Brian

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关于小学生如何发展计算思维以及如何运用计算思维解决问题的实证研究还很少。为了解决这一知识差距,本研究利用CT概念领域的学习轨迹(LT;假设的学习目标,进展和活动),如序列,重复,条件句和分解,以更好地了解学生的CT。本研究实施了八个数学-CT综合课程,与美国国家数学教育标准和三年级和四年级学生的LT相一致。本研究采用质性解释的研究方法,旨在通过认知访谈的方式,让学生表达和表达自己的认知能力,从而对小学生的认知能力有更深入的了解。使用从LT中的学习目标逐字翻译并映射到LT中的学习目标的prioricodes检查参与者(n= 22)的CT清晰度。结果显示,学生在解决问题方面的CT范围,如使用精确和完整的解决问题的指示,识别重复模式,并分解算术问题。通过收集学生如何表达和表达他们的CT的经验数据,本研究通过产生初步的经验证据来支持假设的学习目标和进展的LT的理论贡献。本文还讨论了在小学水平的综合CT教学和评估的影响。
There is little empirical research related to how elementary students develop computational thinking (CT) and how they apply CT in problem-solving. To address this gap in knowledge, this study made use of learning trajectories (LTs; hypothesized learning goals, progressions, and activities) in CT concept areas such as sequence, repetition, conditionals, and decomposition to better understand students’ CT. This study implemented eight math-CT integrated lessons aligned to U.S. national mathematics education standards and the LTs with third- and fourth-grade students. This basic interpretive qualitative study aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of elementary students’ CT by having students express and articulate their CT in cognitive interviews. Participants’ (n= 22) CT articulation was examined usinga prioricodes translated verbatim from the learning goals in the LTs and was mapped to the learning goals in the LTs. Results revealed a range of students’ CT in problem-solving, such as using precise and complete problem-solving instructions, recognizing repeating patterns, and decomposing arithmetic problems. By collecting empirical data on how students expressed and articulated their CT, this study makes theoretical contributions by generating initial empirical evidence to support the hypothesized learning goals and progressions in the LTs. This article also discusses the implications for integrated CT instruction and assessments at the elementary level.
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