Land-atmospheric feedbacks during droughts and heatwaves: state of the science and current challenges.
Land-atmospheric feedbacks during droughts and heatwaves: state of the science and current challenges.
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DOI：
10.1111/nyas.13912
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发表时间：
2019-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Teuling AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miralles DG;Gentine P;Seneviratne SI;Teuling AJ
干旱和热浪造成农业损失、森林死亡和饮用水短缺，特别是当它们作为组合事件同时发生时。据预测，其复发率和强度将增加，对今后的粮食安全构成严重威胁。直到今天，关于干旱和热浪如何开始和演变的知识仍然有限，我们对气候变化如何影响它们的理解也是如此。干旱和热浪被认为通过陆地-大气反馈而加剧和传播。然而，全球仍然缺乏观测这些过程的能力，气候和预测模型在表示陆地对温度和降雨的影响方面还不成熟。关键的开放性问题仍然是我们的目标，揭示这些反馈的真实的重要性：什么是极端气象条件对生态系统蒸发的影响？这些异常如何调节大气边界层状态（事件自增强）并有助于热量和水分流入其他地区（事件自传播）？这种关于土地反馈作用的知识，如果可用的话，可以用来制定地质工程缓解策略，防止这些事件在早期阶段恶化吗？我们的观点的目标不是对这些问题提出令人信服的答案，而是评估迄今为止的科学进展，同时强调新的和创新的途径，以继续推进我们未来的理解。
Droughts and heatwaves cause agricultural loss, forest mortality, and drinking water scarcity, especially when they occur simultaneously as combined events. Their predicted increase in recurrence and intensity poses serious threats to future food security. Still today, the knowledge of how droughts and heatwaves start and evolve remains limited, and so does our understanding of how climate change may affect them. Droughts and heatwaves have been suggested to intensify and propagate via land–atmosphere feedbacks. However, a global capacity to observe these processes is still lacking, and climate and forecast models are immature when it comes to representing the influences of land on temperature and rainfall. Key open questions remain in our goal to uncover the real importance of these feedbacks: What is the impact of the extreme meteorological conditions on ecosystem evaporation? How do these anomalies regulate the atmospheric boundary layer state (event self‐intensification) and contribute to the inflow of heat and moisture to other regions (event self‐propagation)? Can this knowledge on the role of land feedbacks, when available, be exploited to develop geo‐engineering mitigation strategies that prevent these events from aggravating during their early stages? The goal of our perspective is not to present a convincing answer to these questions, but to assess the scientific progress to date, while highlighting new and innovative avenues to keep advancing our understanding in the future.
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影响因子：
18.3
作者：
Anderegg, William R. L.;Flint, Alan;Field, Christopher B.
通讯作者：
Field, Christopher B.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Burke, Eleanor J.;Brown, Simon J.
通讯作者：
Brown, Simon J.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1317323111
发表时间：
2014-07-08
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Davin, Edouard L.;Seneviratne, Sonia I.;Wang, Tao
通讯作者：
Wang, Tao
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Dirmeyer, Paul A.;Brubaker, Kaye L.;DelSole, Timothy
通讯作者：
DelSole, Timothy
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Dirmeyer, Paul A.;Wei, Jiangfeng;Mocko, David M.
通讯作者：
Mocko, David M.