Comparison of adult census size and effective population size support the need for continued protection of two Solomon Island endemics.
Comparison of adult census size and effective population size support the need for continued protection of two Solomon Island endemics.
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DOI：
10.1080/01584197.2021.1915163
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Uy JAC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cowles SA;Weeks BC;Perrin L;Chen N;Uy JAC
由于种群对快速变化的反应能力取决于长期遗传变异，因此我们可以通过估计并比较成人人口普查规模 (N) 和有效种群规模 (Ne) 来更好地预测种群的长期生存能力。然而，大多数研究仅测量 N 或 Ne，这可能会产生误导。我们结合现场和基因组序列数据，估计并比较了所罗门群岛两种范围限制的地方病中的 N 和 Ne。两种绣眼鸟栖息在科隆班加拉小岛上，其中一种是该岛特有的高海拔物种（Z. murphyi），另一种是所罗门群岛特有的低海拔物种（Z. kulambangrae）。现场观察显示，这两个物种的氮值都很高，Z. kulambangrae 的成虫数为 114,781 ± 32,233 只，Z. murphyi 的成虫数为 64,412 ± 15,324 只。相比之下，基因组分析显示 Ne 远低于 N，Z. kulambangrae 估计为 694.5 个个体，Z. murphyi 为 796.1 个个体。此外，两个物种的田岛 D 值为正表明它们经历了人口萎缩，从而为低 Ne 值提供了机制。 N 和 Ne 的比较表明，Z. kulambangrae 和 Z. murphyi 并未立即面临灭绝威胁，但可能面临遗传风险。我们的结果为长期监测这些岛屿特有病提供了重要的基线数据，并主张测量人口规模估计值，以更好地衡量长期人口生存能力。
Because a population’s ability to respond to rapid change is dictated by standing genetic variation, we can better predict a population’s long-term viability by estimating and then comparing adult census size (N) and effective population size (Ne). However, most studies only measure N or Ne, which can be misleading. Using a combination of field and genomic sequence data, we here estimate and compare N and Ne in two range-restricted endemics of the Solomon Islands. Two Zosterops White-eye species inhabit the small island of Kolombangara, with a high elevation species endemic to the island (Z. murphyi) and a low elevation species endemic to the Solomon Islands (Z. kulambangrae). Field observations reveal large values of N for both species with Z. kulambangrae numbering at 114,781 ± 32,233 adults, and Z. murphyi numbering at 64,412 ± 15,324 adults. In contrast, genomic analyses reveal that Ne was much lower than N, with Z. kulambangrae estimated at 694.5 and Z. murphyi at 796.1 individuals. Further, positive Tajima’s D values for both species suggest that they have experienced a demographic contraction, providing a mechanism for low values of Ne. Comparison of N and Ne suggests that Z. kulambangrae and Z. murphyi are not at immediate threat of extinction but may be at genetic risk. Our results provide important baseline data for long-term monitoring of these island endemics, and argue for measuring both population size estimates to better gauge long-term population viability.
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