Identification of scavenger receptors and thrombospondin-type-1 repeat proteins potentially relevant for plastid recognition in Sacoglossa.
Identification of scavenger receptors and thrombospondin-type-1 repeat proteins potentially relevant for plastid recognition in Sacoglossa.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.6865
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Christa G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Melo Clavijo J;Frankenbach S;Fidalgo C;Serôdio J;Donath A;Preisfeld A;Christa G
功能性链节形成是一种光合共生关系，其中具有光合作用活性的叶绿体作为异养宿主的细胞内共生体。在后生动物中，功能性kleptoplasty仅在属于囊舌纲的海洋海蛞蝓中发现，最近在弹腔蠕虫中描述。虽然功能kleptoplasty已深入研究Sacoglossa，叶绿体的特异性识别和随后的纳入的基本原理是未知的。确保任何共生开始的关键是特异性识别共生体并将共生体与病原体区分开来的能力。例如，在光共生刺胞动物中，一些研究表明宿主的先天免疫系统，特别是清道夫受体（SR）和血小板反应蛋白-1型重复（TSR）蛋白超家族，在识别和区分共生体与病原体的过程中发挥着重要作用。在本研究中，三个囊舌海蛞蝓，Elysia cornigera，Elysia timida和Elysia chlorotica的SR和TSR，通过将可用的转录组翻译成潜在的蛋白质，并寻找受体特异性蛋白和/或跨膜结构域。这三种蛞蝓的基因表达分析提供了一组种特异性的候选基因，即SR-Bs、SR-Es、C-型凝集素和TSRs，它们可能与盗质体的识别相关。这些结果为未来的实验研究奠定了基础，以了解这些候选受体是否以及如何参与叶绿体识别。我们研究了清道夫受体和血小板反应蛋白-1型重复蛋白超家族的丰度和基因表达，已知它们参与共生体识别，在三种含质体的海蛞蝓中。我们可以确定候选受体，类似于那些在刺胞动物中发现的共生藻识别，这可能是相关的质体识别。
Functional kleptoplasty is a photosymbiotic relationship, in which photosynthetically active chloroplasts serve as an intracellular symbiont for a heterotrophic host. Among Metazoa, functional kleptoplasty is only found in marine sea slugs belonging to the Sacoglossa and recently described in Rhabdocoela worms. Although functional kleptoplasty has been intensively studied in Sacoglossa, the fundamentals of the specific recognition of the chloroplasts and their subsequent incorporation are unknown. The key to ensure the initiation of any symbiosis is the ability to specifically recognize the symbiont and to differentiate a symbiont from a pathogen. For instance, in photosymbiotic cnidarians, several studies have shown that the host innate immune system, in particular scavenger receptors (SRs) and thrombospondin‐type‐1 repeat (TSR) protein superfamily, is playing a major role in the process of recognizing and differentiating symbionts from pathogens. In the present study, SRs and TSRs of three Sacoglossa sea slugs, Elysia cornigera, Elysia timida, and Elysia chlorotica, were identified by translating available transcriptomes into potential proteins and searching for receptor specific protein and/or transmembrane domains. Both receptors classes are highly diverse in the slugs, and many new domain arrangements for each receptor class were found. The analyses of the gene expression of these three species provided a set of species‐specific candidate genes, that is, SR‐Bs, SR‐Es, C‐type lectins, and TSRs, that are potentially relevant for the recognition of kleptoplasts. The results set the base for future experimental studies to understand if and how these candidate receptors are indeed involved in chloroplast recognition. We investigated the abundance and gene expression of scavenger receptors and thrombospondin‐type‐1 repeat protein superfamily, known to be involved in symbiont recognition, in three plastid‐bearing sea slugs. We could identify candidate receptors, similar to those found in cnidarians for Symbiodinium recognition, that might be relevant in plastid recognition.
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DOI：
10.1093/bioinformatics/bts565
发表时间：
2012-12-01
期刊：
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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发表时间：
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