Vehicle collision with bridge piers: A state-of-the-art review
Vehicle collision with bridge piers: A state-of-the-art review
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车辆与桥墩碰撞：最先进的回顾
DOI：
10.1177/1369433220953510
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Tao Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin Chen;Hao Wu;Tao Liu
虽然车辆碰撞桥墩的概率比较低，但可能会导致桥墩断裂，甚至整座桥梁坍塌，造成人员伤亡和巨大的经济损失。因此，桥墩应适当设计，以防止车辆碰撞。本文对近年来国内外关于桥墩与车辆碰撞问题的研究进行了综述，总结了该领域的研究成果和存在的问题，并对今后的研究提出了建议。它是在基于性能的设计框架内组织的，分为四种类型的问题，即危险分析，结构分析，损伤分析和损失分析。研究表明，钢筋混凝土桥墩在车辆撞击下一般表现出三种破坏模式，即局部破坏、剪切破坏和弯曲破坏。当大型货车撞击桥墩时，发动机和集装箱（货物）可能会产生两级撞击特性，这对桥墩的响应和损伤有很大影响。分别建立了车辆冲击力模型和冲击荷载作用下钢筋混凝土构件的非线性响应模型，并将它们结合起来，可以快速分析钢筋混凝土桥墩在车辆冲击荷载作用下的非线性响应。应发展基于变形的方法来量化不同损伤模式下钢筋混凝土桥墩的损伤程度。现行规范仍主要采用等效静力设计方法，但出现了一些有关概率（可靠性）分析的规定。应重视对路侧碰撞和车辆相关参数的统计分析，以获得更符合实际的概率分析模型，并进一步建立基于性能的车辆碰撞钢筋混凝土桥墩设计方法。
Although the probability of vehicle collision with bridge piers is relatively low, it may cause the pier to fracture and even the entire bridge to collapse, resulting in casualties and huge economic losses. Therefore, bridge piers should be properly designed against vehicle collision. This paper aims to make a state-of-the-art review of the research on vehicle collision with bridge piers, to summarize the achievements and current limitations in this field, and to give some suggestions for future research. It is organized within a framework of performance-based design, which is divided into four types of problems, that is, hazard analysis, structural analysis, damage analysis, and loss analysis. Studies show that reinforced concrete (RC) piers under vehicle impact generally exhibit three damage modes, that is, local damage, shear damage, and flexural damage. When a large truck hits a pier, the engine and container (cargo) may contribute to a two-stage impact characteristic, which has a great influence on the response and damage of the pier. The vehicular impact (force) models and nonlinear response models of RC members under impact loads have been developed respectively, which can be combined to quickly analyze the nonlinear response of RC piers under vehicle impact. Deformation-based methods should be developed to quantify the damage level of RC piers under different damage modes. Current codes still mainly adopt the equivalent static force design method, but some provisions regarding probabilistic (reliability) analysis have appeared. More attention should be paid to the statistical analysis of roadside crashes and vehicle-related parameters in order to obtain a more realistic probabilistic analysis model, and further establish a performance-based design method for RC piers subjected to vehicle collision.
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