Evidence and implementation gaps in management of sentinel node-positive melanoma in the United States.

Evidence and implementation gaps in management of sentinel node-positive melanoma in the United States.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.surg.2021.12.025
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发表时间:
2022-07
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Bhatia, Smita
Bhatia, Smita
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Broman, Kristy K.;Richman, Joshua;Bhatia, Smita

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黑色素瘤临床试验表明,完成淋巴结清扫术(CLND)对大多数前哨淋巴结(SLN)阳性患者的价值较低。辅助全身免疫治疗和BRAF/MEK靶向治疗的同期试验显示,高危SLN阳性患者的无复发生存率提高。为了更好地了解肿瘤学证据如何纳入实践(实施),我们评估了与美国(US)癌症委员会认证中心停止CLND和采用全身治疗相关的因素。在一项使用国家癌症数据库(NCDB)对2012-2017年接受治疗的SLN阳性黑色素瘤成人进行的回顾性队列研究中,我们使用混合效应logistic回归评估了CLND和辅助全身治疗的使用,将结果报告为比值比(OR)和95%置信区间(CI)。在10,240例SLN阳性黑色素瘤患者中,CLND的表现从60%下降到27%。辅助全身治疗从29%增加到43%(IIIA期患者为37%,IIIB-C期患者为46%)。CLND在下肢肿瘤中较少见(OR=0.53,95%CI=0.44-0.64),多个阳性SLN更常见(OR=2.36,95%CI=2.08-2.67),在高容量或中等容量中心进行治疗(OR高=1.49,95%CI=1.05-2.12; OR中=1.32,95%CI=1.05-1.64)和接受系统治疗(OR=1.44,95%CI=1.27-1.63)。接受辅助全身治疗的患者发生CLND的可能性增加在最近的研究中持续存在,并且在单一阳性SLN的患者中也是如此。在人群水平上,CLND下降,辅助全身治疗增加,反映了循证护理。持续使用CLND和为低风险患者提供辅助治疗的变化突出了证据和实施方面的剩余差距。
Melanoma clinical trials demonstrated that completion lymph node dissection (CLND) is low value for most sentinel lymph node (SLN)-positive patients. Contemporaneous trials of adjuvant systemic immunotherapy and BRAF/MEK targeted therapy showed improved recurrence-free survival in high-risk SLN-positive patients. To better understand how oncologic evidence is incorporated into practice (implementation), we evaluated factors associated with discontinuation of CLND and adoption of systemic treatment at United States (US) Commission on Cancer-accredited centers. In a retrospective cohort study of adults with SLN-positive melanoma treated from 2012-2017 using the National Cancer Database (NCDB), we evaluated use of CLND and adjuvant systemic treatment using mixed effects logistic regression, reporting results as odds ratios (OR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Among 10,240 SLN-positive melanoma patients, performance of CLND declined from 60% to 27%. Adjuvant systemic treatment increased from 29% to 43% (37% in Stage IIIA patients, 46% in IIIB-C). CLND was less common with lower extremity tumors (OR=0.53, 95%CI=0.44-0.64) and more common with multiple positive SLNs (OR=2.36, 95%CI=2.08-2.67), treatment at a high- or moderate-volume center (ORhigh=1.49, 95%CI=1.05-2.12; ORmoderate=1.32, 95%CI=1.05-1.64), and receipt of systemic therapy (OR=1.44, 95%CI=1.27-1.63). The increased likelihood of CLND in patients receiving adjuvant systemic treatment persisted in the most recent study years and in patients with a single positive SLN. At a population level, CLND declined, and adjuvant systemic treatment increased, reflecting evidence-responsive care. Variation in persistent use of CLND and in provision of adjuvant treatment for lower risk patients highlights residual gaps in both evidence and implementation.
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发表时间: 2021-03
影响因子: 2.5
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DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1708539
发表时间: 2017-11-09
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