Root angle is controlled by EGT1 in cereal crops employing an antigravitropic mechanism.
Root angle is controlled by EGT1 in cereal crops employing an antigravitropic mechanism.
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在谷类作物中，EGT1通过反向重力机制控制根角。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2201350119
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发表时间：
2022-08-02
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
根系所采用的生长角度对于获取土壤资源（如养分和水分）至关重要。尽管它在农学上很重要，但在作物中很少发现调控基因。在这里，我们确定了根角调节基因增强重力性1（EGT 1）在大麦。引人注目的是，缺乏EGT 1的突变体在每个根类中表现出更陡的角度。EGT 1似乎作为一个组件的反重力偏移机制，调节组织硬度，影响最终的根生长角。EGT 1是选择的热点，作为与更陡的根角相关的保守的Tubby结构域内的天然等位基因变异。小麦根角的类似EGT 1依赖性调节证明了EGT 1对谷类作物性状改良的广泛意义。作物根系角度是有效利用土壤资源的关键性状。根角是由竞争性的向重力偏移与反向重力偏移（AGO）机制决定的。在这里，我们报告了一个根角调节基因，称为增强重力性1（EGT 1），编码一个假定的AGO组件，其功能丧失增强根向地性。大麦和小麦EGT 1基因的突变赋予了一种显着的根表型，其中每一个根类都采用了更陡峭的生长角度。EGT 1编码一种包含F-box和Tubby结构域的蛋白质，该蛋白质在植物物种中高度保守。单倍型分析发现，在大麦EGT 1基因座的自然等位基因变异影响根角。向重性测定表明，Hvegt 1根弯曲比野生型更迅速。转录谱显示Hvegt 1根解除活性氧（ROS）的稳态和细胞壁疏松酶和辅因子。ROS成像显示Hvegt 1根基部分生组织和伸长区组织的水平降低。原子力显微镜测量检测拉长Hvegt 1根皮层细胞壁显着不太硬比野生型。原位分析确定HvEGT 1在伸长的皮层和中柱组织中表达，这与已知的根向重力感知和反应组织中的柱和表皮不同。我们认为EGT 1通过调节伸长根皮层组织的细胞壁刚度来控制根角，从而抵消了向重力机械通过其最外层组织使根弯曲的已知能力。我们的结论是，根角控制EGT 1在谷类作物采用反重力机制。
The growth angle roots adopt are critical for capturing soil resources, such as nutrients and water. Despite its agronomic importance, few regulatory genes have been identified in crops. Here we identify the root angle regulatory gene ENHANCED GRAVITROPISM 1 (EGT1) in barley. Strikingly, mutants lacking EGT1 exhibit a steeper angle in every root class. EGT1 appears to function as a component of an antigravitropic offset mechanism that regulates tissue stiffness, which impacts final root growth angle. EGT1 is a hot spot for selection as natural allelic variation within a conserved Tubby domain that is linked with steeper root angle. Analogous EGT1-dependent regulation of root angle in wheat demonstrates broad significance of EGT1 for trait improvement in cereal crops. Root angle in crops represents a key trait for efficient capture of soil resources. Root angle is determined by competing gravitropic versus antigravitropic offset (AGO) mechanisms. Here we report a root angle regulatory gene termed ENHANCED GRAVITROPISM1 (EGT1) that encodes a putative AGO component, whose loss-of-function enhances root gravitropism. Mutations in barley and wheat EGT1 genes confer a striking root phenotype, where every root class adopts a steeper growth angle. EGT1 encodes an F-box and Tubby domain-containing protein that is highly conserved across plant species. Haplotype analysis found that natural allelic variation at the barley EGT1 locus impacts root angle. Gravitropic assays indicated that Hvegt1 roots bend more rapidly than wild-type. Transcript profiling revealed Hvegt1 roots deregulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and cell wall-loosening enzymes and cofactors. ROS imaging shows that Hvegt1 root basal meristem and elongation zone tissues have reduced levels. Atomic force microscopy measurements detected elongating Hvegt1 root cortical cell walls are significantly less stiff than wild-type. In situ analysis identified HvEGT1 is expressed in elongating cortical and stele tissues, which are distinct from known root gravitropic perception and response tissues in the columella and epidermis, respectively. We propose that EGT1 controls root angle by regulating cell wall stiffness in elongating root cortical tissue, counteracting the gravitropic machinery’s known ability to bend the root via its outermost tissues. We conclude that root angle is controlled by EGT1 in cereal crops employing an antigravitropic mechanism.
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DOI：
10.1093/bioinformatics/btu638
发表时间：
2015-01-15
期刊：
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Anders S;Pyl PT;Huber W
通讯作者：
Huber W
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Jumper J;Evans R;Pritzel A;Green T;Figurnov M;Ronneberger O;Tunyasuvunakool K;Bates R;Žídek A;Potapenko A;Bridgland A;Meyer C;Kohl SAA;Ballard AJ;Cowie A;Romera-Paredes B;Nikolov S;Jain R;Adler J;Back T;Petersen S;Reiman D;Clancy E;Zielinski M;Steinegger M;Pacholska M;Berghammer T;Bodenstein S;Silver D;Vinyals O;Senior AW;Kavukcuoglu K;Kohli P;Hassabis D
通讯作者：
Hassabis D
影响因子：
14.8
作者：
Kelley LA;Mezulis S;Yates CM;Wass MN;Sternberg MJ
通讯作者：
Sternberg MJ
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Cingolani, Pablo;Platts, Adrian;Ruden, Douglas M.
通讯作者：
Ruden, Douglas M.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.162339999
发表时间：
2002-08-20
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Gagne, JM;Downes, BP;Vierstra, RD
通讯作者：
Vierstra, RD