Synthetic living machines: A new window on life.

Synthetic living machines: A new window on life.
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合成生命机器:生命的新窗口

DOI:
10.1016/j.isci.2021.102505
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发表时间:
2021-05-21
期刊:
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Levin M
Levin M
中科院分区:
综合性期刊2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ebrahimkhani MR;Levin M

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增加对生物生长和形态的控制是实现变革性医学进步的重要途径。出生缺陷的修复,丢失或受损器官的恢复,肿瘤的正常化,都依赖于了解细胞如何合作,使特定的,功能性的大规模结构。尽管在分子遗传学方面取得了进展,但我们对形态发生的中尺度规则的理解仍然存在重大差距。解决这个问题的一个工程方法是创造新的合成生命形式,大大扩展了现有的模型系统,超越了进化的植物和动物谱系。在这里,我们回顾了合成形态发生,新的多细胞生物体的生物工程的新兴领域的最新进展。这项工作强调涌现的自组织,组织水平的指导自组装和主动功能,是下一代合成生物学必不可少的。除了具有特定功能的有用的活体机器外,合理设计和分析新的、连贯的解剖结构将大大增加我们对进化发育和细胞生物学中基础问题的理解。发育生物学;生物工程;合成生物学
Increased control of biological growth and form is an essential gateway to transformative medical advances. Repairing of birth defects, restoring lost or damaged organs, normalizing tumors, all depend on understanding how cells cooperate to make specific, functional large-scale structures. Despite advances in molecular genetics, significant gaps remain in our understanding of the meso-scale rules of morphogenesis. An engineering approach to this problem is the creation of novel synthetic living forms, greatly extending available model systems beyond evolved plant and animal lineages. Here, we review recent advances in the emerging field of synthetic morphogenesis, the bioengineering of novel multicellular living bodies. Emphasizing emergent self-organization, tissue-level guided self-assembly, and active functionality, this work is the essential next generation of synthetic biology. Aside from useful living machines for specific functions, the rational design and analysis of new, coherent anatomies will greatly increase our understanding of foundational questions in evolutionary developmental and cell biology. Developmental biology; Bioengineering; Synthetic biology
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