Distance Effects in Surface Structures and Situation Models

Distance Effects in Surface Structures and Situation Models
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表面结构和态势模型中的距离效应

DOI:
10.1207/s1532799xssr0203_3
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发表时间:
1998
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
K. Wolf
K. Wolf
中科院分区:
教育学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
M. Rinck;G. Bower;K. Wolf

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我们研究了空间距离在情境模型中的作用,表面近因性,以及明确提及目标项目在更新从叙述中创建的情境模型。在3个实验中,可访问性的距离效应进行了观察:目标项目(对象和房间)的情况模型中包含的可访问性随着目标和读者的注意力的焦点之间的距离增加而下降。前2个实验表明,这种距离效应主要是空间的:目标的可达性取决于目标和注意力焦点之间的房间数量,即主角在情境模型中的位置。只有当有强烈的表面线索时,叙述的表面结构的新近性才影响可访问性。此外,与主人公位于同一房间的物体的高可及性并不取决于明确说明房间名称的文本。这些发现证实了空间距离的重要性。
We investigated the role of spatial distance in situation models, surface recency, and explicit mentioning of target items in the updating of situation models created from narratives. In 3 experiments, a distance effect on accessibility was observed: The accessibility of target items (objects and rooms) contained in the situation model decreased with increasing distance between the target and the reader's focus of attention. The first 2 experiments demonstrated that this distance effect was mainly spatial: Accessibility of targets depended on the number of rooms located between the target and the focus of attention, that is, the protagonist's location in the situation model. Recency in the surface structure of the narrative affected accessibility only when strong surface cues were available. Additionally, the high accessibility of objects located in the same room as the protagonist did not depend on the text explicitly stating the name of the room. The findings corroborate the importance of spatial distan...
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