Actor-Network Theory and its role in understanding the implementation of information technology developments in healthcare.
Actor-Network Theory and its role in understanding the implementation of information technology developments in healthcare.
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DOI：
10.1186/1472-6947-10-67
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Sheikh A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cresswell KM;Worth A;Sheikh A
行动者网络理论（ANT）是一种越来越有影响力但仍然备受争议的理解人类及其与无生命物体相互作用的方法。我们认为，卫生服务的研究，特别是复杂的IT系统在卫生服务机构的评价，可能会受益于被告知演员网络理论的观点。尽管存在一些局限性，基于行动者网络理论的方法在概念上有助于理解现实的复杂性（包括组织的复杂性）和技术在这种情况下的积极作用。这有助于理解网络中不同参与者之间的关联如何产生社会效应。在这方面最重要的是，行动者网络理论提供了一个透镜，通过它来看待技术在塑造社会过程中的作用。关注这一塑造角色有助于更全面地了解医疗保健环境中技术引入的复杂性。它还可以证明在提供一种理论上知情的抽样方法（通过利用与所涉技术有关的信息提供者）和分析（通过提供一种概念工具和词汇，可以构成解释的基础）方面是切实有用的。我们利用现有的实证工作，在这方面，我们正在进行的工作，调查电子健康记录系统的整合作为英格兰的国家信息技术计划的一部分，以说明要点。行动者网络理论需要务实地使用，并认识到它的缺点。我们的经验表明，它可以帮助调查医疗保健环境中的技术实施。
Actor-Network Theory (ANT) is an increasingly influential, but still deeply contested, approach to understand humans and their interactions with inanimate objects. We argue that health services research, and in particular evaluations of complex IT systems in health service organisations, may benefit from being informed by Actor-Network Theory perspectives. Despite some limitations, an Actor-Network Theory-based approach is conceptually useful in helping to appreciate the complexity of reality (including the complexity of organisations) and the active role of technology in this context. This can prove helpful in understanding how social effects are generated as a result of associations between different actors in a network. Of central importance in this respect is that Actor-Network Theory provides a lens through which to view the role of technology in shaping social processes. Attention to this shaping role can contribute to a more holistic appreciation of the complexity of technology introduction in healthcare settings. It can also prove practically useful in providing a theoretically informed approach to sampling (by drawing on informants that are related to the technology in question) and analysis (by providing a conceptual tool and vocabulary that can form the basis for interpretations). We draw on existing empirical work in this area and our ongoing work investigating the integration of electronic health record systems introduced as part of England's National Programme for Information Technology to illustrate salient points. Actor-Network Theory needs to be used pragmatically with an appreciation of its shortcomings. Our experiences suggest it can be helpful in investigating technology implementations in healthcare settings.
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