High early life stress and aberrant amygdala activity: risk factors for elevated neuropsychiatric symptoms in HIV+ adults.

High early life stress and aberrant amygdala activity: risk factors for elevated neuropsychiatric symptoms in HIV+ adults.
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DOI:
10.1007/s11682-016-9542-5
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发表时间:
2017-06
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Cohen, Ronald A.
Cohen, Ronald A.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Clark, Uraina S.;Sweet, Lawrence H.;Morgello, Susan;Philip, Noah S.;Cohen, Ronald A.

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相对于 HIV 阴性成年人,HIV 阳性成年人的早期生活压力 (ELS) 水平较高。在非 HIV 样本中,高 ELS 与大脑结构和功能异常以及神经精神症状风险增加有关。然而,对于 HIV 阳性成人中高 ELS 的神经影响及其与神经精神症状升高的关系,人们知之甚少。最近的研究揭示了 HIV 和高 ELS 对杏仁核形态测量的综合影响。异常的杏仁核活动与非 HIV 样本的神经精神症状学研究密切相关。因此,这项初步研究检查了:1) HIV 和高 ELS 对杏仁核活动的综合影响,以及 2) HIV + 成人杏仁核活动与神经精神症状之间的关系。我们纳入了 28 名 HIV+ 成年人和 25 名人口统计匹配的 HIV 阴性对照 (HC) 成年人。使用回顾性 ELS 问卷对 ELS 暴露进行量化,该问卷定义了四组:HIV+ 低 ELS(N=15); HIV+ 高 ELS (N=13); HC 低 ELS(N=16);和 HC 高 ELS (N=9)。参与者完成了一系列神经精神测量。 BOLD 功能磁共振成像在明确观察恐惧/愤怒的面孔时评估了杏仁核的反应性。与低 ELS 参与者相比,高 ELS 参与者的杏仁核反应水平降低。 HIV+ High-ELS 参与者报告的神经精神症状水平高于所有其他群体。在 HIV+ 组中,较低的杏仁核反应与较高的神经精神症状相关,特别是抑郁、焦虑和述情障碍。总的来说,这些结果表明,高 ELS 暴露是 HIV + 成人神经精神症状的一个重要危险因素。此外,我们的结果表明,ELS 相关的杏仁核活动异常是 HIV + 成人神经精神症状的病因。
Relative to HIV-negative adults, HIV+ adults report elevated levels of early life stress (ELS). In non-HIV samples, high ELS has been linked to abnormalities in brain structure and function, as well as increased risk of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Yet, little is known about the neural effects of high ELS, and their relation to elevated neuropsychiatric symptoms, in HIV+ adults. Recent studies have revealed combined effects of HIV and high ELS on amygdala morphometry. Aberrant amygdala activity is prominently implicated in studies of neuropsychiatric symptomology in non-HIV samples. Hence, this preliminary study examined: 1) the combined effects of HIV and high ELS on amygdala activity, and 2) the relation between amygdala activity and neuropsychiatric symptoms in HIV+ adults. We included 28 HIV+ adults and 25 demographically-matched HIV-negative control (HC) adults. ELS exposure was quantified using a retrospective ELS questionnaire, which defined four groups: HIV+ Low-ELS (N=15); HIV+ High-ELS (N=13); HC Low-ELS (N=16); and HC High-ELS (N=9). Participants completed a battery of neuropsychiatric measures. BOLD fMRI assessed amygdala reactivity during explicit observation of fearful/angry faces. High-ELS participants demonstrated reduced levels of amygdala reactivity relative to Low-ELS participants. HIV+ High-ELS participants reported higher levels of neuropsychiatric symptoms than all other groups. In the HIV+ group, lower amygdala responses were associated with higher neuropsychiatric symptoms, particularly depression, anxiety, and alexithymia. Collectively, these results suggest that high ELS exposure is a significant risk factor for neuropsychiatric symptoms in HIV+ adults. Furthermore, our results implicate ELS-related abnormalities in amygdala activity in the etiology of neuropsychiatric symptoms in HIV+ adults.
DOI: 10.1038/npp.2010.159
发表时间: 2010-12
期刊: Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
影响因子: --
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通讯作者: --
DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2012.675427
发表时间: 2013
期刊: Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition
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作者:
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通讯作者: Cronin-Golomb A
DOI: 10.1037/a0033381
发表时间: 2013-10
影响因子: 5.9
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DOI: 10.1203/00006450-199512000-00030
发表时间: 1995-12-01
期刊: PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
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