Spatiotemporal Variability of Tropical Cyclone Precipitation Using a High-Resolution, Gridded (0.25° × 0.25°) Dataset for the Eastern United States, 1948–2015

Spatiotemporal Variability of Tropical Cyclone Precipitation Using a High-Resolution, Gridded (0.25° × 0.25°) Dataset for the Eastern United States, 1948–2015
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使用美国东部高分辨率网格 (0.25° × 0.25°) 数据集的热带气旋降水时空变化,1948 年至 2015 年

DOI:
10.1175/jcli-d-18-0885.1
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
4.9
通讯作者:
Knapp, Paul A.
Knapp, Paul A.
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bregy, Joshua C.;Maxwell, Justin T.;Robeson, Scott M.;Ortegren, Jason T.;Soulé, Peter T.;Knapp, Paul A.

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热带气旋 (TC) 是美国东部大部分地区的重要降水来源。然而,我们对热带气旋降水(TCP)的时空变化及其与大规模大气环流的联系的理解受到不规则分布的雨量计和卫星测量记录较短的限制。为了解决这个问题,我们开发了一个新的网格(0.25°×0.25°)公开可用的 TCP 数据集(1948-2015;热带气旋降水数据集,或 TCPDat),使用 TC 轨迹来识别现有网格降水数据集中的 TCP。 TCPDat 用于描述 6 月至 11 月 TCP 总降水量以及对 6 月至 11 月总降水量的贡献百分比。 TCP 总量和贡献在路易斯安那州、北卡罗来纳州和得克萨斯州海岸达到最大值,而在内陆地区则以大约 6.2–6.7 mm km−1 的速率大幅下降。无论是 TCP 总数还是百分比贡献,都没有发现具有统计意义的趋势。 TCP与北大西洋副热带高压(NASH)西翼的位置和强度指数呈正相关,相关性最强的地区集中在美国东南部。在整个研究地点都可以看到 TCP 与厄尔尼诺-南方涛动之间的负相关性较弱。最终,TCP 的空间变化与 NASH 侧翼位置或强度的变化的关系比与 ENSO 指数的关系更密切。本研究中开发的 TCP 数据集是了解飓风与气候相互作用以及 TC 对美国东部社区、水资源和生态系统影响的重要一步。
Tropical cyclones (TCs) are an important source of precipitation for much of the eastern United States. However, our understanding of the spatiotemporal variability of tropical cyclone precipitation (TCP) and the connections to large-scale atmospheric circulation is limited by irregularly distributed rain gauges and short records of satellite measurements. To address this, we developed a new gridded (0.25° × 0.25°) publicly available dataset of TCP (1948–2015; Tropical Cyclone Precipitation Dataset, or TCPDat) using TC tracks to identify TCP within an existing gridded precipitation dataset. TCPDat was used to characterize total June–November TCP and percentage contribution to total June–November precipitation. TCP totals and contributions had maxima on the Louisiana, North Carolina, and Texas coasts, substantially decreasing farther inland at rates of approximately 6.2–6.7 mm km−1. Few statistically significant trends were discovered in either TCP totals or percentage contribution. TCP is positively related to an index of the position and strength of the western flank of the North Atlantic subtropical high (NASH), with the strongest correlations concentrated in the southeastern United States. Weaker inverse correlations between TCP and El Niño–Southern Oscillation are seen throughout the study site. Ultimately, spatial variations of TCP are more closely linked to variations in the NASH flank position or strength than to the ENSO index. The TCP dataset developed in this study is an important step in understanding hurricane–climate interactions and the impacts of TCs on communities, water resources, and ecosystems in the eastern United States.
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