Calmodulin Mutations in Human Disease.

Calmodulin Mutations in Human Disease.
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DOI:
10.1080/19336950.2023.2165278
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发表时间:
2023-12
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Dick, Ivy E.
Dick, Ivy E.
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hussey, John W.;Limpitikul, Worawan B.;Dick, Ivy E.

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钙离子(Ca 2+)是一系列独特而有效的细胞反应的基础。钙调素(CaM)是一种小而重要的蛋白质,能够迅速将Ca 2+浓度变化的信息传递给其调节靶点。CaM在细胞内Ca 2+信号转导中起着关键作用,并与无数靶蛋白相互作用。Ca 2+依赖性调节CaM是一系列不同过程的主要组成部分,从神经元中的基因表达到心脏细胞中心脏动作电位的形成。此外,CaM的蛋白质序列在进化上高度保守,并且在人类中由三个独立的基因(CALM 1 -3)编码相同的CaM蛋白。这三个基因中的任何一个突变都可能导致严重的心脏缺陷,包括严重的长QT综合征(LQTS)和/或儿茶酚胺能多态性室性心动过速(CPVT)。对疾病相关钙调素变异体的研究已经确定了几种由钙调素调节的蛋白质,这些蛋白质可能是这些钙调素病发病机制的基础,包括心脏L型钙通道(LTCC)CaV1.2和肌浆网钙释放通道,兰尼碱受体2(RyR 2)。在这里,我们回顾了已经完成的研究,以确定钙调素病性钙调素突变,并评估其在疾病中的作用的机制。
Calcium ions (Ca2+) are the basis of a unique and potent array of cellular responses. Calmodulin (CaM) is a small but vital protein that is able to rapidly transmit information about changes in Ca2+ concentrations to its regulatory targets. CaM plays a critical role in cellular Ca2+ signaling, and interacts with a myriad of target proteins. Ca2+-dependent modulation by CaM is a major component of a diverse array of processes, ranging from gene expression in neurons to the shaping of the cardiac action potential in heart cells. Furthermore, the protein sequence of CaM is highly evolutionarily conserved, and identical CaM proteins are encoded by three independent genes (CALM1-3) in humans. Mutations within any of these three genes may lead to severe cardiac deficits including severe long QT syndrome (LQTS) and/or catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). Research into disease-associated CaM variants has identified several proteins modulated by CaM that are likely to underlie the pathogenesis of these calmodulinopathies, including the cardiac L-type Ca2+ channel (LTCC) CaV1.2, and the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release channel, ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2). Here, we review the research that has been done to identify calmodulinopathic CaM mutations and evaluate the mechanisms underlying their role in disease.
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