K(+)-sparing diuretic actions of trimethoprim: inhibition of Na+ channels in A6 distal nephron cells.

K(+)-sparing diuretic actions of trimethoprim: inhibition of Na+ channels in A6 distal nephron cells.
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甲氧苄啶的 K( ) 保留利尿作用:抑制 A6 远端肾单位细胞中的 Na 通道。

DOI:
10.1038/ki.1994.143
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发表时间:
1994
影响因子:
19.6
通讯作者:
Ling,BN
Ling,BN
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schlanger,LE;Kleyman,TR;Ling,BN

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甲氧苄啶的 K+ 保钾利尿作用:抑制 A6 远端肾单位细胞中的 Na+ 通道。在超过 20% 的 HIV 感染患者中,高钾血症使甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑 (TMP-SMX) 治疗变得复杂。 TMP 是一种杂环弱碱,类似于阿米洛利,一种“保留 K+”利尿剂和 Na+通道阻滞剂。 Apical TMP 已知可抑制 A6 细胞中阿米洛利敏感的短路电流,A6 细胞是哺乳动物皮质集合管主细胞的组织培养模型 [1]。我们使用细胞贴附膜片钳技术来研究 TMP 对在 1.5 µMaldosterone 存在下在渗透性支持物上生长的 A6 细胞顶膜中 4 pS、高选择性 Na+ 通道的影响。静息膜电位下的基线通道活性(以 NPo(Nof 通道 × 开放概率)测量)为 1.09 ± 0.50 (N = 18)。当 10−3MTMP 添加到基底外侧浴中 30 分钟时,NPo(0.92 ± 0.38;N = 9)没有变化。然而,使用含有 10−3 或 10−5MTMP 的移液器进行顶端暴露可将 NPo≈ 降低十倍(分别为 0.12 ± 0.08;N = 7 和 0.18 ± 0.14;N = 12)。动力学分析揭示了顶端 TMP 处理后出现了新的闭合状态。另一组 A6 细胞用 10−3Mapical TMP 预处理 30 分钟,然后用装有不含 TMP 盐水的移液管进行修补。随着残留 TMP 在移液器内稀释,NPo 逐渐从 0.07 ± 0.09 上升至 0.87 ± 0.23 (N = 5)。用 10−3MSMX 进行顶端或基底外侧预处理(30 分钟)不会改变 Na+通道活性。总之,在A6远端肾单位细胞中:(1)TMP可逆地阻断高选择性Na+通道; (2) 需要与外部通道孔直接相互作用,因为在顶端 TMP 中观察到抑制作用,但在基底外侧 TMP 中没有观察到抑制作用; (3) TMP-SMX制剂中的SMX成分对Na+通道活性无直接影响; (4) 这种保留 K+ 的利尿作用可能会导致 HIV 感染患者出现与 TMP 治疗相关的高钾血症。
K+sparing diuretic actions of trimethoprim: Inhibition of Na+channels in A6 distal nephron cells. Hyperkalemia complicates trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) therapy in over 20% of HIV-infected patients. TMP is a heterocyclic weak base, similar to amiloride, a “K+-sparing” diuretic and Na+channel blocker. Apical TMP is known to inhibit amiloride-sensitive short circuit current in A6 cells, a tissue culture model for mammalian cortical collecting tubule principal cells [1]. We used cell-attached patch clamp techniques to investigate the effect of TMP on the 4 pS, highly selective Na+channel in the apical membrane of A6 cells grown on permeable supports in the presence of 1.5 µMaldosterone. Baseline channel activity at resting membrane potential, measured as NPo(Nof channels × open probability), was 1.09 ± 0.50 (N = 18). NPo(0.92 ± 0.38; N = 9) was unchanged when 10−3MTMP was added to the basolateral bath for 30 minutes. However, apical exposure with pipettes containing 10−3or 10−5MTMP reduced NPo≈ tenfold (0.12 ± 0.08; N = 7 and 0.18 ± 0.14; N = 12, respectively). Kinetic analysis revealed the appearance of a new closed state after apical TMP treatment. Another group of A6 cells were pretreated with 10−3Mapical TMP for 30 minutes prior to patching with pipettes filled with TMP-free saline. NPoprogressively rose from 0.07 ± 0.09 to 0.87 ± 0.23 (N = 5) as the residual TMP was diluted within the pipette. Apical or basolateral pretreatment (30 min) with 10−3MSMX did not change Na+channel activity. In conclusion, in A6 distal nephron cells: (1) TMP reversibly blocks highly selective Na+channels; (2) direct interaction with the outer channel pore is required since inhibition was observed with apical, but not basolateral TMP; (3) the SMX component of TMP-SMX preparations has no direct effect on Na+channel activity; (4) This K+-sparing diuretic effect likely contributes to the hyperkalemia associated with TMP therapy in HIV-infected patients.
阿米洛利的作用机制。
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