Distribution, recognition and regulation of non-CpG methylation in the adult mammalian brain.

Distribution, recognition and regulation of non-CpG methylation in the adult mammalian brain.
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DOI:
10.1038/nn.3607
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发表时间:
2014-02
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Song, Hongjun
Song, Hongjun
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Guo, Junjie U.;Su, Yijing;Shin, Joo Heon;Shin, Jaehoon;Li, Hongda;Xie, Bin;Zhong, Chun;Hu, Shaohui;Le, Thuc;Fan, Guoping;Zhu, Heng;Chang, Qiang;Gao, Yuan;Ming, Guo-li;Song, Hongjun

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DNA甲基化在神经系统中起着关键作用,传统上认为仅限于后生动物基因组中的CpG二核苷酸。在这里,我们发现成年小鼠齿状核神经元的单碱基分辨率DNA甲基化组由CpG(~75%)和CpH(~25%)甲基化(H = A/C/T)组成。神经元CpH甲基化在人脑中是保守的,在低CpG密度区域富集,在蛋白质-DNA相互作用位点耗尽,并且与基因表达反相关。在功能上,mCpGs和mCpHs都可以在体外抑制转录,并在体内被神经元中的MeCP 2识别。与大多数CpG甲基化不同,CpH甲基化在神经元成熟期间从头建立,并且需要DNMT 3A在有丝分裂后神经元中进行主动维持。CpH甲基化的这些特征表明,在胞嘧啶甲基化调控下,神经元基因组的比例显着扩大,并为理解这种关键的表观遗传修饰在神经系统中的作用提供了新的基础。
DNA methylation plays critical roles in the nervous system and has been traditionally considered to be restricted to CpG dinucleotides in metazoan genomes. Here we show that the single-base resolution DNA methylome from adult mouse dentate neurons consists of both CpG (~75%) and CpH (~25%) methylation (H = A/C/T). Neuronal CpH methylation is conserved in human brains, enriched in low CpG-density regions, depleted at protein-DNA interaction sites, and anti-correlated with gene expression. Functionally, both mCpGs and mCpHs can repress transcription in vitro and are recognized by MeCP2 in neurons in vivo. Unlike most CpG methylation, CpH methylation is established de novo during neuronal maturation and requires DNMT3A for active maintenance in post-mitotic neurons. These characteristics of CpH methylation suggest a significantly expanded proportion of the neuronal genome under cytosine methylation regulation and provide a new foundation for understanding the role of this key epigenetic modification in the nervous system.
Dnmt1 和 Dnmt3a 维持 DNA 甲基化并调节成人前脑神经元的突触功能
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